1. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry Overview

Railway locomotive batteries are batteries that provide power or auxiliary power for railway locomotives. According to different application scenarios and technical characteristics, railway locomotive batteries can be divided into two categories: one is traction batteries, which are mainly used for railway locomotives with DC traction system or hybrid power system, such as diesel locomotives, hybrid locomotives, etc.; The second is auxiliary batteries, which are mainly used to provide auxiliary power for the control system, communication system, lighting system, etc. of railway locomotives, such as AC traction system or pure electric system of railway locomotive.

The main function of the battery for railway locomotives is to provide stable power support for railway locomotives to achieve efficient driving and low-carbon environmental protection. Compared with other means of transportation, railway transportation has lower carbon emissions and energy consumption, and is one of the important ways to achieve green transportation. Therefore, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the application prospect of batteries for railway locomotives is even more impressive.

Market Scale Analysis of 2. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry

According to data from Champ Consulting Group：2019-2021The market scale of China's railway locomotive battery industry is expanding year by year, and the market prospect is broad.2019In 2012, the market size of China's railway locomotive battery industry was approximately4.2Billion yuan, year-on-year growth of about8%；2020In 2010, the market size of the railway locomotive battery industry declined due to the impact of the new crown epidemic, which was approximately3.9billion, a year-on-year decrease of about7%；2021年，随着疫情防控和经济恢复的进展，铁路机车用电池行业市场规模重新回升，约为4.5Billion yuan, year-on-year growth of about15%。2022In 2010, the market size of China's railway locomotive battery industry reached5.3Billion yuan, year-on-year growth of about18%; expected2023For the whole year, the market size of China's railway locomotive battery industry is expected to reach5.8Billion yuan, year-on-year growth of about10%。

Market Structure Analysis of 3. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry

（1) by product type

By product type, railway locomotive batteries mainly include lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium-ion batteries, etc. Among them, lead-acid battery is currently the most common type of railway locomotive battery. It has the advantages of low cost, mature technology, and simple maintenance, but it also has shortcomings such as small capacity, large weight, short life, and environmental pollution; Ni-MH battery It is a relatively new battery for railway locomotives, which has the advantages of large capacity, light weight, long life, and environmental friendliness, however, there are also shortcomings such as high cost, fast self-discharge, and memory effect; lithium-ion battery is an emerging battery for railway locomotives, which has the advantages of large capacity, light weight, long life, and environmental friendliness, but it also has high cost and safety. Disadvantages such as poor safety and technical difficulty.

铅酸电池仍然是中国铁路机车用电池市场的主流产品，但其市场份额呈逐年下降的趋势；镍氢电池和锂离子电池则呈逐年上升的趋势，尤其是镍氢电池的市场份额增长较快。

（2) by application area

According to the application field, railway locomotive batteries are mainly used in freight locomotives, passenger locomotives and urban rail transit. Among them, freight locomotives are the largest demanders of batteries for railway locomotives, which are mainly used to transport heavy and bulky goods such as coal, ore and steel, and require high capacity and stability of batteries; passenger locomotives are important demanders of batteries for railway locomotives, which are mainly used to transport passengers and require high safety and environmental protection of batteries; urban rail transit is an emerging demander of batteries for railway locomotives, it is mainly used for public transportation within the city and requires high battery weight and life.

Freight locomotives are still the largest demander of China's railway locomotive battery market, but their market share is declining year by year; passenger locomotives are increasing year by year, becoming an important demander of China's railway locomotive battery market; urban rail transit is Maintaining a stable market share, as an emerging demander of China's railway locomotive battery market. This reflects the optimization and diversification of China's railway transportation structure.

Analysis on Competition Pattern of 4. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry

（1）主要企业介绍

The main enterprises in China's railway locomotive battery industry are as follows:

中航锂电股份有限公司：是一家专业从事锂离子电池及其系统集成的高新技术企业，主要产品包括动力锂离子电池、储能锂离子电池、特种锂离子电池等。该公司在铁路机车用锂离子电池领域具有较强的技术优势和市场影响力，已成功为多个国内外铁路项目提供了锂离子电池解决方案。

Nanjing Jinlong Automobile Co., Ltd.: is a national high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of new energy vehicles and their key components. Its main products include pure electric buses, hybrid buses, fuel cell buses, etc. The company has strong technical advantages and market influence in the field of nickel-metal hydride batteries for railway locomotives, and has successfully provided nickel-metal hydride battery solutions for many domestic and foreign railway projects.

华润万丰（深圳）动力电池有限公司：是一家专业从事铅酸电池及其系统集成的高新技术企业，主要产品包括动力铅酸电池、储能铅酸电池、特种铅酸电池等。该公司在铁路机车用铅酸电池领域具有较强的技术优势和市场影响力，已成功为多个国内外铁路项目提供了铅酸电池解决方案。

（2）市场集中度分析

The market concentration of China's railway locomotive battery industry is increasing year by year, indicating that the competition pattern of the industry tends to be stable and the market position of major enterprises has been consolidated. At the same time, it also reflects the industry's high technical and financial barriers, difficult to enter the characteristics.

Analysis on Development Trend of 5. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry

（1) Policy support

Policy is one of the important factors affecting the development of the battery industry for railway locomotives. In recent years, the Chinese government has issued a series of policies and measures to support the development of railway transportation, such as "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Promotion of Railway Construction", "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Promotion of Urban Rail Transit Construction", "On Accelerating the Promotion of Green Transportation System" Guiding Opinions on Construction, etc. These policies aim to promote the scale, networking, intelligence and greening of railway transportation, and provide a broad market space and policy dividend for the railway locomotive battery industry.

（2) Technical innovation

Technology is one of the important factors affecting the development of railway locomotive battery industry. With the continuous progress and innovation of science and technology, the railway locomotive battery industry is also constantly improving product performance, reducing production costs, reducing environmental pollution and other aspects of technological innovation. For example, the lithium-ion battery industry is developing new materials and structures with high energy density, high safety, and high cycle life, such as solid electrolytes, ternary cathode materials, silicon-based anode materials, etc.; the nickel-hydrogen battery industry is developing low self-discharge, New materials and structures with low memory effect and high temperature adaptability, such as metal hydrate alloys, nickel-hydrogen battery modules, etc; the lead-acid battery industry is developing new materials and structures with high efficiency, low pollution, and long life, such as lead-carbon batteries and bipolar lead-acid batteries. These technological innovations will help improve the performance and competitiveness of railway locomotive batteries.

（3) Market demand

Market demand is one of the important factors affecting the development of railway locomotive battery industry. With the rapid development of China's economy and society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for railway transportation is also increasing. China's railway transport volume is increasing year by year, especially the rapid growth of freight volume. This shows that the market potential of China's railway transportation is huge, which provides a broad market demand for the battery industry for railway locomotives.

Analysis on Influencing Factors of 6. Railway Locomotive Battery Industry

（11) Positive factors

Policy support: The government has introduced a series of policy measures to support the development of railway transportation, providing policy dividends and market space for the railway locomotive battery industry.

Technological innovation: the industry continues to carry out technological innovation, improve product performance, reduce production costs, reduce environmental pollution and other aspects, improve the competitiveness of the industry and sustainable development capabilities.

Market demand: With the rapid development of China's economy and society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for railway transportation is also increasing, providing a broad market demand for the battery industry for railway locomotives.

（2) Negative impact factors

Technical difficulty: Railway locomotive batteries involve a variety of complex chemical reactions and physical processes, requiring high-level science and technology and engineering technology, which is technically difficult.

Safety risk: abnormal conditions such as overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit and high temperature may occur during the use of railway locomotive batteries, resulting in battery performance degradation or explosion, fire and other safety accidents, resulting in casualties and property losses.

Environmental pressure: the production and use of batteries for railway locomotives may produce some harmful wastes and emissions, such as lead, cadmium, mercury and other heavy metals, causing pollution and damage to the environment. At the same time, the recycling and disposal of batteries for railway locomotives is also a difficult problem, and measures to strengthen environmental protection and resource utilization are needed.

7. Conclusion

In summary, this report analyzes the market size, market structure, competitive landscape, development trends and influencing factors of the railway locomotive battery industry. According to the report, the market prospect of the battery industry for railway locomotives is broad, driven by multiple factors such as policy support, electrification market development, energy conservation and emission reduction demand, and is expected2023The annual market size will reach5.8Billion yuan, year-on-year growth of about10%. At the same time, the report pointed out that the battery industry for railway locomotives is also facing challenges in technological innovation, product quality, cost control, environmental protection, etc., and needs to strengthen technological research and development, improve product performance, reduce production costs, and reduce environmental pollution., To enhance the competitiveness of the industry and sustainable development capabilities.