Special purpose vehicles refer to vehicles equipped with special equipment and special functions for special transportation tasks or special operations and other special purposes. According to industry standardsQC/T836-2010"Special Purpose Vehicle Category and Code", special purpose vehicles can be divided into four categories: special purpose passenger cars, special purpose buses, special purpose transport vehicles and special purpose vehicles. according to national standardsGB/T 17350-2009"Special Purpose Vehicle and Special Trailer Terminology, Code and Compilation Method", according to the different structure of the car, further special transport vehicles are divided into van, tank, special self-unloading, warehouse, lifting special, special structure special six types, the same for special vehicles.

The industrial chain of China's special-purpose vehicle industry can be divided into upstream, middle and downstream, of which the upstream involves special chassis, raw materials, key components, integrated control systems, etc. The midstream industrial chain mainly produces six types of special-purpose vehicles, including van, tank, special self-unloading, warehouse, lifting and lifting, and special structure. Downstream is the use scenario, and special vehicles reach users through car dealers, direct sales and other channels, common scenarios include logistics and transportation, medical rescue, livestock and poultry transportation, infrastructure, urban maintenance, etc.

The development of China's special-purpose vehicle industry can be roughly divided into four stages,1949-1980At that time, the new China was just established, the industrial foundation was relatively backward, and the variety of automobiles was not enough for social demand, so there were many modified and assembled automobiles, and the professional car industry started from modification;1981-1990The year was the beginning of the professional car industry,80In the early 1990 s, the number of domestic special purpose vehicle factories reached100Home or so, during the development of ups and downs;1991-2000The year was the introduction stage of the professional car industry. Through cooperation with advanced foreign enterprises, the previous production methods of handicraft workshops have been basically changed and the level of mechanized production has been improved;2001-2022is the rapid development stage of China's professional car industry,2003A large number of special vehicles for the prevention and control of SARS were developed and put on the market in,2005Special vehicles for the prevention and control of "bird flu" were also developed in, which showed the characteristics of diversity, complexity and specificity. The application of high-tech such as microcomputer control technology, wireless communication technology and digital video technology met the multi-level needs of users.

In recent years, the State Council, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Transport and many other departments have successively issued policies to support and regulate the development of the special vehicle industry, covering the use of special vehicle epidemic norms, special vehicle factory construction norms, special vehicle-related purchase tax, new energy special vehicle subsidies and other content.

According to data from the Champ Consulting Group,2014-2021The overall trend of sales of special vehicles in China was upward, but the growth rate fluctuated.2020The sales volume of China's special-purpose vehicle retail market in165.1Ten thousand vehicles, year-on-year growth24.98%, the main department2020Year4After the month, the domestic epidemic was gradually brought under control, enterprises resumed work and production, in order to stimulate economic growth, the central and local governments have increased infrastructure investment, a large number of infrastructure projects concentrated on construction, special vehicle market demand increased significantly.2021Sales volume of special vehicles in China148.710,000 vehicles, mainly affected by the consumption wait-and-see brought about by the switch of emission standards, the slowdown of cold infrastructure in the real estate industry, and the weakening of the previous policy dividend.2022In 2010, due to the epidemic, demand for special purpose vehicles in China declined and retail market sales were120About 10,000 vehicles, down from the same period last year.27.3%。2023Throughout the year, with the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic recovery, demand for special-purpose vehicles in China has picked up, and retail market sales are expected to be150About 10,000 vehicles, year-on-year growth25%。

In terms of sales types, van-type special vehicles are the main products in China's special vehicle market,2022years occupied.53.41%of the sales volume share; followed by the warehouse-type special purpose vehicle, with a sales volume share22.44%; tank-type special vehicles ranked third, with a sales share10.53%. These three types of special vehicles combined occupy86.38%The market is the mainstream product of the special vehicle market. Reflected in terms of use, van-type special vehicles and warehouse-type special vehicles are mainly used for inter-city logistics and transportation. In recent years, residents' demand for fresh food has stimulated the rapid growth of van-type refrigerated vehicles; tank-type special vehicles It is mainly used for engineering demand, and the market demand for engineering vehicles is highly correlated with domestic fixed asset investment.

From the perspective of regional distribution, Jiangsu Province is the most concentrated, followed by Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong, which are the four provinces and cities with the largest distribution of special vehicle enterprises in China. In addition, the number of enterprises related to special vehicles in Hubei, Hebei, Henan and Fujian is relatively rich. On the whole, the special-purpose vehicle enterprises in East China, central China region aggregation is better. From the perspective of the distribution of representative enterprises, Anhui Province has the largest number of representative enterprises, including Jianghuai Automobile, Hanma Technology and other special vehicle enterprises, as well as Quanchai Power, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Zhongding and other enterprises in the upstream of the industrial chain; followed by Guangdong Province, mainly including special vehicle enterprises such as CIMC vehicles, as well as BYD and Yiwei Lithium Energy in the upstream of the industrial chain.

From the perspective of the competitive landscape, in the overall special vehicle market, BAIC Foton's sales volume is in an absolute leading position, with a market share16.67%, followed by Jianghuai Automobile, with a market share9.63%The third place is Sinotruk, with a market share8.59%. In the market segment, BAIC Foton is in a leading position in the market of van-type special vehicles, warehouse-type special vehicles, tank-type special vehicles, and special dump trucks. JAC is in the van-type special vehicles, warehouse-type special vehicles, Lifting special vehicles and other markets have outstanding performance, and Sinotruk has a large share in the market of warehouse-type special vehicles, tank special vehicles, and lifting special vehicles. Other competitors include Dongfeng Motor, Shaanxi Automobile, SAIC Motor, and CIMC Vehicles.

From the perspective of development trends, China's special-purpose vehicle industry will face the following opportunities and challenges in the future:

In terms of opportunities, first, the continuous increase in national policy support, especially the subsidy policy and promotion policy for new energy special vehicles, will help promote the development of new energy special vehicles; second, the need for domestic economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading will Drive the growth of infrastructure investment, thereby driving the demand for engineering special vehicles; third, the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of urbanization level will increase the demand for urban maintenance special vehicles; fourth, the improvement of residents' consumption level and the optimization of consumption structure will stimulate the demand for special vehicles for logistics transportation and medical rescue.

In terms of challenges, first, the continuous improvement of environmental protection regulations and emission standards will put forward higher technical requirements and cost pressure on special-purpose vehicle enterprises; second, the increasingly fierce competition in the industry and the increasing market concentration will lead to the survival difficulties of some small and medium-sized enterprises; third, the imperfection of industry standards and regulatory system will affect the standardization and healthy development of the industry.

Shangpu Consulting believes that China's special vehicle industry will present the following development characteristics in the future:

First, the product structure will develop in the direction of high-end, intelligent, and green to meet users' higher requirements for performance, safety, energy saving, and environmental protection;

Second, the industrial chain will develop in the direction of integration, collaboration and platform, so as to realize the optimal allocation and effective integration of upstream and downstream resources;

Third, the market structure will develop in the direction of diversification, differentiation and subdivision, forming a group of competitors with their own characteristics and advantages;

Fourth, the innovation model will develop in the direction of openness, cooperation and win-win, stimulating the innovation vitality and innovation potential of all parties inside and outside the industry.