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2024-07-18 15:01:26 来源:尚普咨询 浏览量:0
一、定量调研
定量调研是一种基于数据的市场调研方法,它通过收集和分析大量的数据,得出客观和可量化的Conclusion。定量调研的数据来源可以是一手数据,也可以是二手数据。一手数据是指通过问卷、电话、网络等方式直接从目标市场的消费者、竞争者、渠道等获取的数据;二手数据是指通过公开的或付费的数据库、报告、文献等方式间接获取的数据。定量调研的数据分析可以采用描述性统计、推断性统计、回归分析、聚类分析、因子分析等多种技术,根据不同的研究目的,得出不同的Conclusion。
定量调研的优点是:
结果具有客观性和可信度,可以用数字和图表直观地展示;
结果具有可比性和可复制性,可以用于跨时间、跨地域、跨群体的比较和验证;
结果具有可操作性和可评估性,可以用于制定具体的市场策略和衡量其效果。
定量调研的缺点是:
数据收集和分析需要较高的成本和时间,尤其是一手数据的获取;
数据的质量和有效性取决于数据来源的可靠性和数据抽样的合理性;
数据的解释和应用需要较强的专业知识和经验,不能简单地依赖数据本身。
定量调研适用于以下场景:
需要了解市场的规模、结构、趋势、分布等基本情况;
需要了解消费者的特征、需求、偏好、行为、满意度等方面的信息;
需要了解竞争者的战略、产品、价格、渠道、宣传等方面的信息;
需要了解市场环境的政策、法规、技术、社会、文化等方面的影响。
定量调研的实施步骤如下:
明确研究目的和问题,确定研究的范围、对象、指标和假设;
设计研究方案,选择数据来源、数据收集方法、数据抽样方法和数据分析方法;
执行研究方案,收集数据、清洗数据、分析数据、检验假设;
输出研究结果,总结Conclusion、提出建议、撰写报告、展示汇报。
定量调研的案例:
尚普咨询曾为一家全球知名的运动品牌提供市场调研服务,帮助其了解中国市场的潜力和机会。尚普咨询采用了定量调研的方法,通过收集和分析一手数据和二手数据,得出了以下Conclusion:
中国市场的运动消费规模和增速均高于全球平均水平,预计未来五年将保持稳定的增长;
中国市场的运动消费结构呈现多元化和细分化的趋势,不同的消费者群体有不同的运动需求和偏好;
中国市场的运动消费行为受到多种因素的影响,其中最重要的是品牌形象、产品质量、价格合理性和渠道便利性;
中国市场的运动消费满意度较低,消费者对运动品牌的忠诚度和推荐意愿不高,存在较大的改善空间。
基于这些Conclusion,尚普咨询为该运动品牌提出了以下建议:
加强品牌建设,提升品牌的知名度、美誉度和差异化;
优化产品组合,满足不同的消费者群体的运动需求和偏好;
调整价格策略,提高价格的竞争力和合理性;
拓展渠道网络,增加线上和线下的销售和服务点。
二、定性调研
定性调研是一种基于深度的市场调研方法,它通过深入了解目标市场的消费者、竞争者、渠道等,得出主观和深刻的洞察。定性调研的数据来源主要是一手数据,通过访谈、观察、焦点小组、案例分析等方式直接从目标市场的消费者、竞争者、渠道等获取的数据。定性调研的数据分析主要采用内容分析、话语分析、叙事分析、场景分析等技术,根据不同的研究目的,得出不同的Conclusion。
定性调研的优点是:
结果具有深度和细节,可以揭示市场的动机、态度、感受、价值观等隐性因素;
结果具有创新性和启发性,可以发现市场的机会、问题、需求、趋势等潜在因素;
结果具有灵活性和适应性,可以根据市场的变化和反馈,及时调整研究的方向和方法。
定性调研的缺点是:
结果具有主观性和偏差,可能受到研究者、被研究者、研究环境等的影响;
结果具有局限性和不足,不能代表整个市场的情况,需要与定量调研相结合进行验证和补充;
结果的呈现和应用需要较高的沟通和说服能力,不能简单地依赖数据和图表。
定性调研适用于以下场景:
需要探索市场的新领域、新问题、新需求、新趋势等未知因素;
需要理解市场的深层次的动机、态度、感受、价值观等隐性因素;
需要创造市场的新机会、新问题、新需求、新趋势等潜在因素;
需要补充和完善定量调研的结果,提高其深度和细节。
定性调研的实施步骤如下:
明确研究目的和问题,确定研究的范围、对象、主题和问题;
设计研究方案,选择数据收集方法、数据收集工具、数据收集人员和数据分析方法;
执行研究方案,收集数据、整理数据、分析数据、生成洞察;
输出研究结果,总结Conclusion、提出建议、撰写报告、展示汇报。
定性调研的案例:
尚普咨询曾为一家国内领先的电商平台提供市场调研服务,帮助其了解消费者的购物行为和体验。尚普咨询采用了定性调研的方法,通过访谈、观察、焦点小组等方式,深入了解了消费者的购物动机、偏好、障碍、满意度等方面的信息,得出了以下Conclusion:
消费者的购物动机主要有四种:一是实现功能性的需求,如购买日用品、生活用品等;二是实现情感性的需求,如购买礼物、纪念品等;三是实现社会性的需求,如购买时尚、潮流、名牌等;四是实现探索性的需求,如购买新奇、有趣、有挑战的商品等;
消费者的购物偏好主要受到以下因素的影响:一是商品的品质、价格、评价、图片等信息;二是平台的信誉、安全、便捷、服务等特征;三是个人的兴趣、喜好、经验、心理等状态;四是外部的推荐、评论、分享、活动等刺激;
消费者的购物障碍主要有以下几种:一是商品的缺货、断货、错货、质量问题等;二是平台的系统故障、支付失败、物流延误、售后困难等;三是个人的资金不足、时间不够、冲动消费、后悔购买等;四是外部的竞争、抵制、诱惑、干扰等;
消费者的购物满意度主要取决于以下几个方面:一是商品的符合期望、超出期望、超越期望等程度;二是平台的满足需求、解决问题、增加价值等程度;三是个人的实现目标、获得快乐、提升自我等程度;四是外部的获得认可、引起关注、产生影响等程度。
基于这些Conclusion,尚普咨询为该电商平台提出了以下建议:
提高商品的品质和多样性,满足消费者的不同的购物动机和偏好;
提升平台的信誉和便捷性,降低消费者的购物障碍和风险;
增加平台的互动和创新性,提高消费者的购物满意度和忠诚度;
利用平台的社会和探索性,创造消费者的购物体验和价值。
三、实验调研
实验调研是一种基于干预的市场调研方法,它通过设计和执行不同的市场干预,观察和评估其效果,得出因果关系的证据。实验调研的数据来源主要是一手数据,通过实验、测试、模拟等方式直接从目标市场的消费者、竞争者、渠道等获取的数据。实验调研的数据分析主要采用实验设计、假设检验、效果评估等技术,根据不同的研究目的,得出不同的Conclusion。
实验调研的优点是:
结果具有因果性和可解释性,可以确定市场干预的原因和结果,以及其内在的机制和路径;
结果具有可控性和可优化性,可以通过控制和调整实验的变量和条件,得到最优的市场干预方案;
结果具有可预测性和可推广性,可以通过模拟和推断实验的结果,预测和推广市场干预的效果。
实验调研的缺点是:
数据收集和分析需要较高的技术和资源,尤其是实验的设计和执行;
数据的普遍性和适用性取决于实验的代表性和有效性,需要与实际的市场环境相一致;
数据的敏感性和安全性需要较高的保密和保护,不能泄露或滥用实验的信息和结果。
实验调研适用于以下场景:
需要验证市场的假设、理论、模型、策略等是否正确和有效;
需要比较市场的不同的方案、方法、工具、效果等的优劣和差异;
需要优化市场的现有的或潜在的产品、价格、渠道、宣传等的组合和配置;
需要预测市场的未来的或可能的需求、行为、反应、变化等的趋势和影响。
实验调研的实施步骤如下:
明确研究目的和问题,确定研究的范围、对象、变量和假设;
设计研究方案,选择实验类型、实验设计、实验执行和实验分析的方法;
执行研究方案,进行实验、收集数据、分析数据、检验假设;
输出研究结果,总结Conclusion、提出建议、撰写报告、展示汇报。
实验调研的案例:
尚普咨询曾为一家新兴的在线教育平台提供市场调研服务,帮助其验证和优化其课程的定价策略。尚普咨询采用了实验调研的方法,通过设计和执行不同的定价方案,观察和评估其对消费者的购买意愿和满意度的影响,得出了以下Conclusion:
定价方案的类型对消费者的购买意愿和满意度有显著的影响,其中最有效的是捆绑定价,即将多个课程打包成一个套餐,提供优惠的总价,可以提高消费者的购买意愿和满意度;
定价方案的具体数值对消费者的购买意愿和满意度也有显著的影响,其中最合理的是基于成本加成的定价,即根据课程的成本和预期的利润率,确定合理的售价,可以平衡消费者的支付能力和平台的盈利能力;
定价方案的呈现方式对消费者的购买意愿和满意度也有显著的影响,其中最有效的是基于锚定效应的定价,即在显示售价的同时,显示原价或市场价,突出优惠的幅度,可以增强消费者的购买动机和满意感。
基于这些Conclusion,尚普咨询为该在线教育平台提出了以下建议:
采用捆绑定价的方式,将不同的课程组合成不同的套餐,提供不同的优惠力度,满足不同的消费者需求;
采用基于成本加成的定价的方式,根据不同的课程的成本和利润率,确定合理的售价,保证平台的盈利能力;
采用基于锚定效应的定价的方式,在显示售价的同时,显示原价或市场价,突出优惠的幅度,激发消费者的购买欲望。
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