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Champ Consulting: How to do business due diligence? This detailed guide tells you

2024-07-18 17:18:23 Source: Champu Consulting Visits:0

1.Commercial due diligencePurpose

商业尽调的目的是为了让交易或合作的各方能够充分了解目标企业或项目的真实情况,避免信息不对称和潜在风险,保障交易或合作的公平、合理和顺利进行。具体而言,商业尽调的目的可以归纳为以下几点:

评估目标企业或项目的价值。商业尽调可以通过对目标企业或项目的财务、市场、技术等方面的分析,确定其当前和未来的收入、成本、利润、资产、负债、现金流等指标,从而评估其内在价值和外在价值,为交易或合作的定价和条款提供依据。

识别目标企业或项目的风险。商业尽调可以通过对目标企业或项目的法律、税务、环境、社会等方面的审查,发现其是否存在违法、违约、诉讼、纠纷、欠税、污染、侵权等问题,从而识别其潜在的法律风险、税务风险、环境风险、社会风险等,为交易或合作的风险防范和规避提供依据。

发现目标企业或项目的潜力。商业尽调可以通过对目标企业或项目的市场、技术、人力、管理等方面的研究,了解其所处的行业环境、竞争优势、创新能力、人才结构、组织文化等因素,从而发现其未来的发展空间、增长机会、改进方向等,为交易或合作的战略规划和整合提供依据。

2.Commercial due diligence原则

商业尽调的原则是指在进行商业尽调时应遵循的基本准则,以保证商业尽调的质量和效果。一般而言,商业尽调的原则可以归纳为以下几点:

客观性。商业尽调应该以事实为依据,以数据为支撑,以逻辑为引导,避免主观臆断和片面偏见,客观地反映目标企业或项目的真实情况,不夸大也不贬低,不隐瞒也不遮掩,不偏颇也不偏袒。

全面性。商业尽调应该从多个角度和层面,对目标企业或项目的各个方面进行全方位的调查和分析,不遗漏也不重复,不粗略也不细微,不表面也不深入,不局限也不泛化,确保商业尽调的内容和范围的完整和适当。

系统性。商业尽调应该按照一定的流程和方法,对目标企业或项目的各个方面进行有序和有机的调查和分析,不乱也不杂,不断也不乱,不散也不乱,不孤立也不隔离,确保商业尽调的过程和结构的清晰和协调。

针对性。商业尽调应该根据交易或合作的目的和需求,对目标企业或项目的各个方面进行重点和差异的调查和分析,不一刀切也不一概而论,不泛泛而谈也不笼统而论,不无的放矢也不无中生有,确保商业尽调的重点和差异的突出和明确。

3.Commercial due diligence流程

The process of commercial due diligence refers to the basic steps that should be followed in carrying out commercial due diligence to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of commercial due diligence. In general, the process of commercial due diligence can be summarized into the following stages:

准备阶段。在这个阶段,商业尽调的主要任务是确定商业尽调的目的、范围、方法、团队、计划、预算等,以及与目标企业或项目的相关方签署保密协议、尽调协议等,为商业尽调的正式启动做好准备。

执行阶段。在这个阶段,商业尽调的主要任务是根据商业尽调的范围和方法,通过查阅资料、访谈人员、实地考察等方式,对目标企业或项目的财务、法律、税务、市场、技术等方面进行全面、深入、系统的调查和分析,以及与目标企业或项目的相关方进行沟通和协商,以获取和验证商业尽调的所需信息和数据。

Summary stage. At this stage, the main task of commercial due diligence is to summarize and organize the results of the investigation and analysis of the target enterprise or project according to the purpose and needs of commercial due diligence, as well as to prepare and submit commercial due diligence reports and recommendations to demonstrate and communicate the value and results of commercial due diligence.

4.Commercial due diligenceMethod

商业尽调的方法是指在进行商业尽调时应采用的基本技巧,以保证商业尽调的质量和效果。一般而言,商业尽调的方法可以归纳为以下几点:

多元化。商业尽调应该利用多种渠道和来源,收集和获取目标企业或项目的各方面的信息和数据,不仅仅依赖于目标企业或项目提供的资料,还要通过公开的报告、网络的搜索、行业的专家、市场的调研等方式,获取和验证目标企业或项目的信息和数据,以增加商业尽调的信息和数据的多样性和可靠性。

定量化。商业尽调应该利用多种工具和技术,分析和处理目标企业或项目的各方面的信息和数据,不仅仅依赖于目标企业或项目的描述,还要通过财务的模型、市场的预测、技术的评估等方式,量化和计算目标企业或项目的指标和参数,以增加商业尽调的信息和数据的精确性和可比性。

综合化。商业尽调应该利用多种方法和视角,综合和评价目标企业或项目的各方面的信息和数据,不仅仅依赖于目标企业或项目的单一方面,还要通过财务的比较、市场的分析、技术的创新等方式,综合和评价目标企业或项目的优劣和价值,以增加商业尽调的信息和数据的全面性和客观性。

5.Commercial due diligenceContent

商业尽调的内容是指在进行商业尽调时应关注的基本方面,以保证商业尽调的质量和效果。一般而言,商业尽调的内容可以归纳为以下几个方面:

财务尽调。财务尽调是指对目标企业或项目的财务状况、财务管理、财务风险等进行调查和分析,主要包括以下几个方面:

财务报表。财务报表是指目标企业或项目的资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表等,反映其财务状况的基本文件。财务尽调应该对财务报表的真实性、完整性、合规性、一致性等进行核实和审计,以及对财务报表的主要项目和指标进行分析和评价,如资产负债率、营业收入、净利润、现金流量等。

财务政策。财务政策是指目标企业或项目的财务管理的基本规则和方法,如会计准则、会计政策、财务预算、财务控制等。财务尽调应该对财务政策的合理性、有效性、稳定性等进行评估和比较,以及对财务政策的变更和影响进行分析和预测,如会计差异、财务调整、财务整合等。

财务风险。财务风险是指目标企业或项目的财务状况和财务管理可能存在的潜在问题和不利因素,如财务欺诈、财务亏损、财务债务、财务诉讼等。财务尽调应该对财务风险的存在性、严重性、可控性等进行识别和评估,以及对财务风险的防范和规避进行建议和措施,如财务保证、财务补偿、财务条款等。

法律尽调。法律尽调是指对目标企业或项目的法律状况、法律关系、法律风险等进行调查和分析,主要包括以下几个方面:

法律资格。法律资格是指目标企业或项目的法律地位和法律能力,如公司的注册、执照、章程、股权、股东、董事等,反映其合法性的基本要素。法律尽调应该对法律资格的真实性、有效性、合法性等进行核实和审查,以及对法律资格的主要内容和特点进行分析和评价,如公司的类型、规模、结构、变更等。

法律关系。法律关系是指目标企业或项目的法律权利和法律义务,如合同的签订、履行、变更、终止等,反映其合理性的基本因素。法律尽调应该对法律关系的完整性、有效性、合理性等进行评估和比较,以及对法律关系的主要类型和内容进行分析和评价,如合同的范围、期限、条款、违约等。

法律风险。法律风险是指目标企业或项目的法律状况和法律关系可能存在的潜在问题和不利因素,如法律违规、法律纠纷、法律责任、法律制裁等。法律尽调应该对法律风险的存在性、严重性、可控性等进行识别和评估,以及对法律风险的防范和规避进行建议和措施,如法律保证、法律补偿、法律条款等。

税务尽调。税务尽调是指对目标企业或项目的税务状况、税务管理、税务风险等进行调查和分析,主要包括以下几个方面:

税务报表。税务报表是指目标企业或项目的纳税申报表、纳税凭证、纳税清单等,反映其税务状况的基本文件。税务尽调应该对税务报表的真实性、完整性、合规性、一致性等进行核实和审计,以及对税务报表的主要项目和指标进行分析和评价,如应纳税额、已纳税额、未纳税额、税负率等。

税务政策。税务政策是指目标企业或项目的税务管理的基本规则和方法,如税收法律、税收制度、税收优惠、税收筹划等。税务尽调应该对税务政策的合理性、有效性、稳定性等进行评估和比较,以及对税务政策的变更和影响进行分析和预测,如税收差异、税收调整、税收整合等。

税务风险。税务风险是指目标企业或项目的税务状况和税务管理可能存在的潜在问题和不利因素,如税务违法、税务亏损、税务欠款、税务处罚等。税务尽调应该对税务风险的存在性、严重性、可控性等进行识别和评估,以及对税务风险的防范和规避进行建议和措施,如税务保证、税务补偿、税务条款等。

市场尽调。市场尽调是指对目标企业或项目的市场状况、市场竞争、市场潜力等进行调查和分析,主要包括以下几个方面: - 市场规模。市场规模是指目标企业或项目所处的市场的总体容量和需求水平,如市场的销售额、市场的增长率、市场的渗透率等,反映其市场状况的基本指标。市场尽调应该对市场规模的真实性、准确性、可信性等进行核实和验证,以及对市场规模的主要因素和趋势进行分析和预测,如市场的驱动力、市场的瓶颈、市场的潜力等。 - 市场结构。市场结构是指目标企业或项目所处的市场的内部构成和分布情况,如市场的细分、市场的集中度、市场的竞争格局等,反映其市场状况的基本特征。市场尽调应该对市场结构的完整性、有效性、合理性等进行评估和比较,以及对市场结构的主要类型和内容进行分析和评价,如市场的定位、市场的优势、市场的壁垒等。 - 市场策略。市场策略是指目标企业或项目在市场中的运营和发展的基本方向和方法,如市场的定价、市场的推广、市场的渠道、市场的服务等,反映其市场状况的基本因素。市场尽调应该对市场策略的合理性、有效性、稳定性等进行评估和比较,以及对市场策略的变更和影响进行分析和预测,如市场的反应、市场的机会、市场的挑战等。

技术尽调。技术尽调是指对目标企业或项目的技术状况、技术能力、技术风险等进行调查和分析,主要包括以下几个方面:

技术资产。技术资产是指目标企业或项目拥有或使用的技术的形式和价值表现,如技术的专利、技术的软件、技术的硬件、技术的设备等,反映其技术状况的基本要素。技术尽调应该对技术资产的真实性、有效性、合法性等进行核实和审查,以及对技术资产的主要内容和特点进行分析和评价,如技术的范围、技术的水平、技术的优化等。

技术能力。技术能力是指目标企业或项目利用或开发技术的能力和水平,如技术的研发、技术的创新、技术的应用、技术的转化等,反映其技术状况的基本因素。技术尽调应该对技术能力的合理性、有效性、稳定性等进行评估和比较,以及对技术能力的变更和影响进行分析和预测,如技术的进步、技术的竞争、技术的风险等。

技术风险。技术风险是指目标企业或项目的技术状况和技术能力可能存在的潜在问题和不利因素,如技术的侵权、技术的失效、技术的过时、技术的泄露等。技术尽调应该对技术风险的存在性、严重性、可控性等进行识别和评估,以及对技术风险的防范和规避进行建议和措施,如技术的保护、技术的更新、技术的转让等。

6.Commercial due diligenceReport

商业尽调的报告是指在完成商业尽调后,对商业尽调的结果和建议进行汇总和呈现的文档,是商业尽调的最终成果和交付物。一般而言,商业尽调的报告应包括以下几个部分:

封面。封面是指商业尽调报告的最前面的一页,包含商业尽调报告的基本信息,如报告的标题、报告的日期、报告的作者、报告的接收者等,以及商业尽调报告的版权声明、免责声明等,以展示和保护商业尽调报告的形式和内容。

目录。目录是指商业尽调报告的第二页,包含商业尽调报告的主要章节和小节的标题和页码,以及商业尽调报告的附录和参考文献的标题和页码,以便于读者查找和阅读商业尽调报告的内容和结构。

[Description]:。[Description]:是指商业尽调报告的第三页,包含商业尽调报告的主要内容和结论的简要概述,如商业尽调的目的、范围、方法、结果、建议等,以便于读者快速了解和掌握商业尽调报告的价值和意义。

[Contents]:。[Contents]:是指商业尽调报告的主体部分,包含商业尽调报告的详细内容和分析的具体展示,如商业尽调的流程、方法、内容、结果、建议等,以及商业尽调的图表、数据、证据、案例等,以便于读者深入理解和评价商业尽调报告的质量和效果。

附录。附录是指商业尽调报告的补充部分,包含商业尽调报告的辅助内容和信息的额外说明,如商业尽调的术语、缩略语、公式、算法等,以及商业尽调的相关文件、资料、协议等,以便于读者参考和查验商业尽调报告的内容和来源。

参考文献。参考文献是指商业尽调报告的引用部分,包含商业尽调报告的参考内容和信息的出处和引用方式,如商业尽调的文献、报告、网站、专家等,以及商业尽调的引用规范、引用格式、引用标注等,以便于读者验证和跟踪商业尽调报告的内容和依据。




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Service advantages
More than 20 years of focus on the Chinese market consulting, won the user recognition, user satisfaction reached more than 96%, the following is part of the user praise
  • Focus on production and research

    15 Year

    Champ Consulting has been established for 15 years.

    48 Intellectual Property Rights

    Independent methodology

    80% of the information comes from first-hand research.

  • massive data

    118 Billionth

    Self-built database 11.8 billion

    Covering 1978 industries in China

    0.1 billion new data per year

    Industry Big Data Platform

  • Research Team

    118 +

    Have a 300 team of professional consultants

    Practical operation and management experience of top enterprises

    88% of members have international PMP certificates

  • Intellectual Property

    48 Item

    Independent methodology

    48 independent intellectual property rights

    high-tech enterprise

    Industry Big Data Platform

Customer Evaluation
More than 20 years of focus on the Chinese market consulting, won the user recognition, user satisfaction reached more than 96%, the following is part of the user praise

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