The concept, characteristics, classification and evaluation index of the 1. headquarters economic park.

1. The concept of headquarters economic park

Headquarters Economic Park refers to a comprehensive development zone with headquarters enterprises as the main body and gathering various supporting service institutions and high-end talents. A headquarters enterprise is an enterprise that conducts unified management, decision-making and control of its branches or subsidiaries in a certain area. Headquarters enterprises usually have a high reputation, scale, technical level and market share, which play an important role in the economic development and social impact of the region. The purpose of the headquarters economic park is to provide high-quality office environment, business services, human resources, convenient transportation, living facilities and other conditions for headquarters enterprises, promote the agglomeration effect and synergy effect of headquarters enterprises, and improve the operational efficiency and innovation ability of headquarters enterprises.

2. The characteristics of the headquarters economic park.

Headquarters Economic Park has the following notable features:

-High concentration of headquarters enterprises. The number and proportion of headquarters enterprises in the headquarters economic park are much higher than those in other regions, forming the aggregation effect of headquarters enterprises. The interconnection and cooperation between headquarters enterprises are also closer and more frequent, forming the synergy effect of headquarters enterprises.

-The hierarchical structure of the headquarters enterprise is obvious. The headquarters enterprises in the headquarters economic park include not only multinational companies, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and other headquarters enterprises of different ownership, but also headquarters enterprises of different industries, different scales and different stages of development. The competition and cooperation between headquarters enterprises also presents the trend of diversification and complexity.

-Diversification of the functions of the headquarters enterprise. The headquarters enterprises in the headquarters economic park not only undertake the functions of management, decision-making and control of subordinate branches or subsidiaries, but also undertake the development of external markets, the allocation of internal resources, the guidance of innovative activities, the performance of social responsibility and other functions. The functions of the headquarters enterprise are constantly adjusted and optimized with the changes of its development stage and strategic objectives.

-The influence of the headquarters enterprise is extensive. The headquarters enterprises in the headquarters economic park not only make important contributions to the economic development and social progress of the region, but also have an important impact on the national and even global economic structure and social changes. The influence of headquarters enterprises is also expanding and deepening with the improvement of its scale, technology, brand, culture and other elements.

3. Classification of Headquarters Economic Park

According to the development mode and characteristics of the headquarters economic park, the headquarters economic park can be divided into the following types:

-Government-led. This type of headquarters economic park is planned, constructed and operated by the government. The government provides various preferential policies, infrastructure, public services and other support for headquarters enterprises to attract headquarters enterprises to settle in and develop. This type of headquarters economic park usually has strong policy orientation and administrative efficiency, but there may also be problems such as excessive government intervention, insufficient market mechanism, and weak innovation vitality.

-Market driven. This type of headquarters economic park is formed and developed by the market, which provides various competitive advantages, cooperation opportunities, innovation environment and other incentives for headquarters enterprises to promote the agglomeration and coordination of headquarters enterprises. This type of headquarters economic park usually has strong market vitality and innovation ability, but there may also be problems such as market failure, waste of resources, lack of social responsibility and so on.

-Hybrid. This type of headquarters economic park is jointly participated and promoted by the government and the market. The government and the market play their respective advantages and functions, coordinate and cooperate with each other to realize the optimization and upgrading of headquarters enterprises. This type of headquarters economic park usually has a good balance and sustainability, but there may also be conflicts and contradictions between the government and the market, difficulties and costs of coordination and communication.

4. The evaluation index of the headquarters economic park.

In order to evaluate the development level and quality of the headquarters economic park, the evaluation index system can be constructed from the following aspects:

-Number and size of headquarters enterprises. This is the basic index to measure the headquarters economic park, reflecting the scale effect and market share of the headquarters economic park. Specific indicators include the number of headquarters enterprises, the registered capital of headquarters enterprises, the operating income of headquarters enterprises, the total profits of headquarters enterprises, and the tax contribution of headquarters enterprises.

-The structure and hierarchy of the headquarters enterprise. This is an important indicator to measure the headquarters economic park, reflecting the structural effect and competitiveness of the headquarters economic park. Specific indicators include the ownership structure of the headquarters enterprise, the industry structure of the headquarters enterprise, the scale structure of the headquarters enterprise, the development stage structure of the headquarters enterprise, and the functional structure of the headquarters enterprise.

-Innovation and impact of headquarters enterprises. This is the core index to measure the headquarters economic park, reflecting the innovation effect and social value of the headquarters economic park. Specific indicators include R & D investment of headquarters enterprises, patent applications of headquarters enterprises, brand value of headquarters enterprises, internationalization degree of headquarters enterprises, social responsibility of headquarters enterprises, etc.

Development Status and Trend of Headquarters Economic Park Industry in 2.

1. The development status of the headquarters economic park industry

The headquarters economic park industry is a new urban development model that has emerged in recent years, and has been widely used and promoted worldwide. According to the International Association of Headquarters Economic Parks (IHQPA), as of the end of 2023, there will be about 300 headquarters economic parks in the world, of which about 60% are located in Asia, about 20% are located in Europe, about 10% are located in North America, about 5% are located in South America, and about 5% are located in other regions. The total area of the headquarters economic park is about 5000 square kilometers, the total investment is about 2 trillion US dollars, the total number of enterprises settled in is about 30000, and the total employment is about 10 million people.

The development status of the headquarters economic park industry can be analyzed from the following aspects:

-The distribution characteristics of the headquarters economic park. The distribution of the headquarters economic park is mainly affected by the geographical location, economic development, policy environment, market demand and other factors. Generally speaking, headquarters economic parks tend to be distributed in cities or urban agglomerations with strong regional centrality, international influence, innovation ability and talent attraction, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, Seoul, London, New York, San Francisco, etc. At the same time, the headquarters economic park also tends to be distributed in areas with better traffic conditions, infrastructure, ecological environment, cultural atmosphere and quality of life, such as seashore, riverside, lakeside, mountain foot, forest and so on.

-The development model of the headquarters economic park. The development model of the headquarters economic park is mainly influenced by the characteristics, needs and objectives of the headquarters enterprises. Generally speaking, the headquarters economic park can be divided into the following development models:

-Single general type. The headquarters economic park of this mode is built and operated by one or several large headquarters enterprises. The headquarters enterprises occupy a dominant position and advantageous resources in the headquarters economic park. Other supporting service institutions and high-end talents mainly provide services and support for the headquarters enterprises. The headquarters economic park of this model usually has a strong brand effect and professionalism, but there may also be singleness and dependence.

-Multi-department type. The headquarters economic park of this mode is constructed and operated by a number of headquarters enterprises of different industries, different scales and different stages of development. The headquarters enterprises have formed a diversified and balanced structure in the headquarters economic park. Other supporting service institutions and high-end talents mainly provide diversified and personalized services and support for headquarters enterprises. The headquarters economic park of this model usually has strong synergy and innovation, but it may also be complex and competitive.

-Integrated general department type. The headquarters economic park of this mode is jointly constructed and operated by headquarters enterprises and other types of enterprises and institutions. Headquarters enterprises have formed a core and leading role in the headquarters economic park. Other supporting service institutions and high-end talents mainly provide comprehensive and coordinated services and support for headquarters enterprises and other types of enterprises and institutions. This model of headquarters economic park usually has a strong comprehensive effect and sustainability, but there may also be dispersion and conflict.

-The development effect of the headquarters economic park. The development effect of the headquarters economic park is mainly affected by the development level and quality of the headquarters enterprises. Generally speaking, the development effect of the headquarters economic park can be evaluated from the following aspects:

-Promotion of headquarters enterprises. The promotion of headquarters economic park to headquarters enterprises is mainly reflected in providing headquarters enterprises with optimized office environment, efficient business services, rich human resources, convenient traffic conditions, perfect living facilities and other conditions, thus improving the level and quality of headquarters enterprises in terms of operational efficiency, innovation ability, market development, resource allocation, social responsibility and so on.

-Contribution to the region. The contribution of the headquarters economic park to the region is mainly reflected in the benefits of economic growth, tax increase, employment increase, technology transfer, brand promotion, cultural exchange and so on, thus enhancing the level and quality of the core competitiveness, international influence and social progress of the region.

-Global impact. The impact of the headquarters economic park on the world is mainly reflected in the output of advanced products, services, technologies, concepts, standards, rules and other aspects for the world, thus promoting the development and progress of the global economic pattern, social change, cultural integration and so on.

2. The development trend of the headquarters economic park industry

The headquarters economic park industry is a dynamic and changing industry. With the in-depth development of globalization, digitalization, intelligence, and greening, the headquarters economic park industry will also face new opportunities and challenges, showing the following aspects. Development trend:

-The scale expansion and distribution optimization of the headquarters economic park. With the continuous growth of the number and scale of headquarters enterprises, the scale of headquarters economic park will also continue to expand. At the same time, the distribution of headquarters economic park will be more optimized, more in line with the strategic layout and market demand of headquarters enterprises, more adapted to the development characteristics and advantages of the region, and more consideration of global coordination and balance.

-The model innovation and outstanding characteristics of the headquarters economic park. With the continuous change of the structure and level of headquarters enterprises, the mode of headquarters economic park will also continue to innovate, pay more attention to the diversified and personalized needs and objectives of headquarters enterprises, pay more attention to the mechanism and platform of coordination and innovation between headquarters enterprises, and pay more attention to the display and promotion of the characteristics and advantages of headquarters economic park.

-The effect improvement and quality improvement of the headquarters economic park. With the continuous expansion of the functions and influence of the headquarters enterprises, the effect of the headquarters economic park will also be continuously improved, paying more attention to the conditions and support for the optimization and upgrading of the headquarters enterprises, paying more attention to the realization, dissemination and improvement of the social responsibility and value of the headquarters enterprises, and paying more attention to the evaluation and supervision of the quality and efficiency of the headquarters economic park.

Purpose, methods and steps of 3. market research

Market research refers to a series of activities to collect, analyze and present market information in order to understand and grasp the development status and trends of the headquarters economic park industry, as well as the needs and satisfaction of headquarters enterprises. Market survey is an important tool and means for the headquarters economic park industry, which has important guidance and reference for the planning, construction, operation and evaluation of the headquarters economic park.

The purpose, methods and steps of market research can be elaborated from the following aspects:

1. The purpose of market research

The purpose of market research is mainly in the following aspects:

-Understand the development status and trends of the headquarters economic park industry, including information on the distribution characteristics, development models, and development effects of the headquarters economic park, as well as various factors and problems affecting the development of the headquarters economic park industry, so as to provide scientific basis and reference for the planning and construction of the headquarters economic park.

-Understand the needs and satisfaction of headquarters enterprises, including information on the selection criteria, motivation, expected value and satisfaction of headquarters enterprises for headquarters economic park, as well as various factors and problems affecting the needs and satisfaction of headquarters enterprises, so as to provide effective feedback and suggestions for the operation and evaluation of headquarters economic park.

-Understand the competition and cooperation of the Headquarters Economic Park, including information on the competitive advantages, competitive strategies, and competitive results between the Headquarters Economic Park, as well as information on cooperation opportunities, cooperation methods, and cooperation effects between the Headquarters Economic Park, so as to provide strong support and reference for the optimization and upgrading of the Headquarters Economic Park.

2. Methods of market research

The main methods of market research are as follows:

-Literature analysis. This method refers to the collection, collation, analysis and summary of various literature on the headquarters economic park industry, such as policy documents, planning reports, academic papers, media reports, etc., in order to obtain the basic concepts of the headquarters economic park industry, development process, theoretical framework, typical cases and other aspects of information. The advantages of this method are a wide range of information sources, rich content and low cost, while the disadvantages are the quality of information, poor timeliness and insufficient depth of analysis.

-Questionnaire method. This method refers to the design, distribution, recovery and analysis of various questionnaires about the headquarters economic park industry, such as the demand survey of headquarters enterprises, satisfaction survey, competitiveness survey, etc., so as to obtain the objective data, statistical results, related relations and other information of the headquarters economic park industry. The advantages of this method are large amount of information, wide coverage and simple operation, while the disadvantages are difficult to guarantee the authenticity of information, low recovery rate and single analysis method.

-Interview access method. This method refers to face-to-face or telephone interviews with various personnel in the headquarters economic park industry, such as the head of the headquarters enterprise, employees, customers, etc., so as to obtain information on the subjective feelings, personal opinions, specific suggestions and so on of the headquarters economic park industry. The advantages of this method are high quality of information, strong pertinence and timely feedback, but the disadvantages are small amount of information, poor representation and complex operation.

-Field visit method. This method refers to the on-the-spot investigation of the headquarters economic park, such as the planning and layout, architectural style and service facilities of the headquarters economic park, so as to obtain the intuitive impression, on-site experience and practical problems of the headquarters economic park industry. The advantages of this method are strong information authenticity, good image and high discovery, while the disadvantages are small information scope, high cost and many influencing factors.

3. Steps of market research

The steps of market research are mainly the following:

-Determine the objectives and content of the market survey. This step refers to clarifying the main purpose, specific content, expected effect, etc. of the market survey, so as to provide clear guidance and basis for the design and implementation of the market survey.

-Design market research programs and tools. This step refers to the selection of appropriate market research methods and techniques according to the objectives and contents of the market research, and the design of reasonable market research programs and tools, such as questionnaires, interview outlines, inspection routes, etc., so as to provide effective support and guarantee for the implementation and analysis of the market research.

-Perform market research activities and tasks. This step refers to the implementation of market research activities and tasks, such as issuing questionnaires, conducting interview visits, conducting field visits, etc., in accordance with market research programmes and tools, so as to collect sufficient information and data for the analysis and presentation of market research.

-Analyze the results and significance of market research. This step refers to the use of market research methods and techniques to organize, analyze and summarize market research information and data, such as data cleaning, data statistics, data analysis, data interpretation, etc., so as to provide scientific information for the presentation and application of market research.Conclusionand meaning.

-Presents market research reports and recommendations. This step refers to the preparation and presentation of market research reports and recommendations based on the analysis and significance of market research, such as writing report texts, making report charts, and making report recommendations, so as to provide effective communication and exchange for the application and feedback of market research.

Case Study of 4. Market Research

In order to better explain the purpose, methods and steps of market research, this paper will introduce a specific case analysis of market research in the light of the planning and consulting project of the headquarters economic park provided by Shangpu Consulting Company for a municipal government.

1. Background and purpose of market research

In order to enhance the core competitiveness of the city and attract foreign investment, a municipal government plans to build a headquarters economic park in the eastern new area of the city to attract and cultivate headquarters enterprises and promote the development of headquarters economy. In order to formulate a scientific and reasonable planning scheme for the headquarters economic park, a municipal government entrusted Shangpu Consulting Company to carry out the planning and consulting project of the headquarters economic park. In order to understand and grasp the development status and trend of the headquarters economic park industry, as well as the needs and satisfaction of headquarters enterprises, Shangpu Consulting Company decided to conduct a market survey.

2. Market research methods and tools

In order to conduct market research, Shangpu Consulting has designed the following tools using four methods: literature analysis, questionnaire, interview and field visits:

-The tool of literature analysis: collected domestic and foreign policy documents, planning reports, academic papers, media reports and other literature on the headquarters economic park industry, carried out a systematic collation and analysis, and formed the development overview and theoretical framework of the headquarters economic park industry.

-Tools of questionnaire method: Two questionnaires were designed, one for the needs of headquarters enterprises and the other for the satisfaction of headquarters enterprises, which were distributed to the heads or employees of target headquarters enterprises through email, WeChat, websites and other channels. A total of 500 valid questionnaires were collected and data cleaning, statistics and analysis were carried out.

-Tools of interview method: An interview outline was designed, including the selection motivation, expected value, satisfaction degree, improvement suggestions and other aspects of the headquarters enterprise. Through telephone or video, in-depth interviews were conducted with the heads or employees of some headquarters enterprises that responded to the questionnaire. A total of 50 interviews were conducted and recorded, sorted out and summarized.

-Tools of on-the-spot investigation method: an investigation route and plan have been formulated, including the name, location, scale, characteristics and other information of the headquarters economic park inspected, as well as the key points and matters needing attention of the inspection. Through on-the-spot visits, some representative headquarters economic parks have been inspected, 10 headquarters economic parks have been inspected, and photos, records and evaluations have been taken.

3. Results and significance of market research

Through market research, Shangpu Consulting has obtained the following results and significance:

-The development status and trends of the headquarters economic park industry. Through the literature analysis method, Shangpu Consulting Company learned that the headquarters economic park industry is a dynamic and changing industry, which has been widely applied and promoted in the global scope, showing the development trend of scale expansion, distribution optimization, mode innovation, outstanding characteristics, effect improvement and quality improvement, at the same time, it also faces development challenges such as unstable policies, insufficient markets, insufficient innovation, fierce competition, and insufficient cooperation, which require further planning and construction.

-The needs and satisfaction of the headquarters enterprise. Through the method of questionnaire survey and interview, Shangpu Consulting Company learned that the selection criteria of headquarters enterprises for the headquarters economic park are mainly geographical location, preferential policies, business services, human resources, living facilities and other aspects, and the motivation of entering the headquarters economic park is mainly to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, expand the market, enhance competitiveness and other aspects, the expected value of the headquarters economic park is mainly to optimize the office environment, enhance the brand image, promote innovation and cooperation, and fulfill social responsibility. The satisfaction degree of the headquarters economic park is mainly higher, general and lower. The improvement suggestions of the headquarters economic park are mainly to improve infrastructure, increase policy support, improve service quality, and strengthen industry exchanges.

-Competition and cooperation in the Headquarters Economic Park. Through on-the-spot investigation, Shangpu Consulting Company learned that there is fierce competition and extensive cooperation between the headquarters economic parks. The competition is mainly reflected in the competition of headquarters enterprises, the competition of policies, the comparison of services, the comparison of brands and other aspects. The cooperation is mainly reflected in the sharing of resources, the exchange of information, the cooperation of projects, the co-construction of platforms and so on, the results of competition and cooperation are mainly reflected in the advantages and disadvantages, optimization and upgrading, and comprehensive benefits of the headquarters economic park.

4. market research reports and recommendations

Based on the results and significance of the market survey, Champ Consulting has prepared and presented market survey reports and recommendations, which include the following sections:

-Purpose and methodology of market research. This part is an overall overview of market research, introducing basic information such as the background, purpose, methods and tools of market research, as well as the main contents of the process and steps of market research.

-Market research results and analysis. This part is a detailed presentation of the market survey, showing the market survey data, charts, cases and other specific information, as well as market survey analysis, interpretation, evaluation and other in-depth content.

-Implications and recommendations for market research. This part is the summary and feedback of market research, expounds the significance, value, enlightenment and other important contents of market research, as well as the practical contents of market research suggestions, schemes and measures.