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Current Market Situation Analysis and Development Opportunities of Power Plant Boiler Industry in 2023

2024-07-18 08:26:07 Source: Champu Consulting Visits:0

1. market size

根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，截至2022年12月底，全国累计发电装机容量约25.6亿千瓦，同比增长7.8%。其中，风电装机容量约3.7亿千瓦，同比增长11.2%；太阳能发电装机容量约3.9亿千瓦，同比增长28.1%。可见，可再生能源发电在我国电力结构中占比不断提高，但仍以火力发电为主。据尚普咨询集团数据显示，2022年我国火力发电装机容量约16.5亿千瓦，占全国总装机容量的64.5%。其中，燃煤发电装机容量约12.8亿千瓦，占火力发电装机容量的77.6%。

预计2023年全年，随着我国经济社会的复苏和发展，以及冬季用电需求的增加，全国发电装机容量将继续保持稳定增长。尚普咨询集团预测，2023年全国发电装机容量将达到27.5亿千瓦，同比增长7.4%。其中，风电装机容量将达到4.2亿千瓦，同比增长13.5%；太阳能发电装机容量将达到5.1亿千瓦，同比增长30.8%。火力发电装机容量将达到17.6亿千瓦，同比增长6.7%。其中，燃煤发电装机容量将达到13.4亿千瓦，同比增长4.7%。

由此可见，2023年我国电站锅炉行业市场规模仍将保持较大的空间。根据尚普咨询集团的估算，按每万千瓦火力发电装机需求锅炉约30吨计算，2023年全年我国火力发电锅炉需求量将达到528万吨；按每万千瓦燃煤发电装机需求锅炉约40吨计算，2023年全年我国燃煤发电锅炉需求量将达到536万吨。

二、技术水平

近年来，我国锅炉生产制造技术不断提升，锅炉运行节能环保水平显著提高。根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，2022年全国6000千瓦及以上电厂发电设备利用小时3687小时，比上年同期减少125小时。全国主要发电企业电源工程建设投资完成7208亿元，同比增长22.8%。其中，核电677亿元，同比增长25.7%。电网工程建设投资完成5012亿元，同比增长2.0%。

2023年，我国将继续加强锅炉更新改造和回收利用，加快促进产业链循环畅通，推动锅炉和相关行业绿色低碳发展。根据国家发展和改革委员会发布的《锅炉更新改造和回收利用实施指南（2023年版）》，到2025年，通过实施锅炉更新改造，带动工业锅炉、电站锅炉平均运行热效率较2021年分别提高5个百分点、0.5个百分点，实现年节能量约3000万吨标准煤，年减排二氧化碳约8000万吨。废旧锅炉规范化处置和回收利用水平有效提升。

具体来看，我国将从以下几个方面提升电站锅炉的技术水平：

（1）持续提升高效节能锅炉供给能力。鼓励锅炉生产制造企业通过提高参数、采用新型热力循环等方式，提升新增电站锅炉能效水平。支持锅炉生产制造企业采用《绿色技术推广目录（2020年）》等提出的先进技术，提升新增工业锅炉能效水平。鼓励锅炉生产制造企业加强能源系统管理，对生产工艺、技术装备等进行升级改造，引导锅炉设计制造数字化、信息化、智能化发展。推动锅炉生产制造与互联网技术深度融合，完善产品数据库，跟踪产品使用情况，形成有效反馈机制。

（2）有序实施在运锅炉节能降碳改造。以供热、石化、化工、钢铁、有色金属等持续用热用能行业为重点，支持对运行效率低于《锅炉节能环保技术规程》（TSG91）能效限定值和《工业锅炉能效限定值及能效等级》（GB24500）能效3级的工业锅炉开展节能降碳改造。鼓励结合实际采用自动化控制、燃气锅炉冷凝化、燃煤锅炉可再生能源耦合、烟气余热深度回收、燃烧优化调整、换热系统改造等手段，协同实施工业锅炉节能降碳改造。结合煤电机组“三改联动”工作，按照《煤炭清洁高效利用重点领域标杆水平和基准水平（2022年版）》有关要求，对电站锅炉开展节能降碳改造。鼓励结合实际采用燃烧优化调整、换热系统改造、烟气余热深度回收、锅炉可再生能源耦合等手段，协同实施电站锅炉节能降碳改造。

（3）加强锅炉运行监测和管理。推动建立锅炉运行监测和管理平台，实现对锅炉运行参数、能耗指标、排放指标等的实时监测和分析，及时发现和解决运行问题，提高锅炉运行效率和安全性。鼓励锅炉使用单位加强能源系统管理，定期开展能源审计，制定并落实节能降碳措施。推动锅炉使用单位与锅炉生产制造企业、专业服务机构等建立长期合作关系，开展锅炉运行维护、节能服务等工作。

（4）推进锅炉创新发展。支持锅炉生产制造企业加强技术创新，开展超超临界、超高温超高压、循环流化床等高效节能锅炉的研发和应用。支持锅炉生产制造企业与科研院所、高校等合作，开展新型材料、新型结构、新型工艺等方面的基础研究和应用开发。支持锅炉生产制造企业参与国家重大科技项目和专项计划，提升锅炉核心技术的自主创新能力。

3. competition pattern

我国电站锅炉行业竞争格局呈现出以下特点：

（1）市场集中度较高。根据尚普咨询集团的统计，2022年我国电站锅炉市场前五大企业的市场份额分别为：哈尔滨电气集团有限公司（HE）24.5%、东方电气集团有限公司（DEC）22.3%、上海电气集团有限公司（SEC）19.8%、北京京能电力工程有限公司（BPEC）11.7%、中国机械工程集团有限公司（CMEC）9.2%。这五大企业合计占据了电站锅炉市场的87.5%，形成了较强的垄断优势。

（2）产品结构不均衡。我国电站锅炉产品结构主要以亚临界和超临界为主，超超临界和超高温超高压等高端产品占比较低。根据尚普咨询集团的统计，2022年我国电站锅炉产品结构如下：亚临界占比32.6%、超临界占比54.7%、超超临界占比11.4%、超高温超高压占比1.3%。由于我国对节能降碳的要求不断提高，未来电站锅炉产品结构将向更高效节能的方向转变。

（3）技术水平有待提升。虽然我国在电站锅炉领域已经取得了一定的成就，但与国际先进水平仍有一定差距。主要表现在以下几个方面：一是关键部件和材料的自主化水平较低，对进口依赖度较高，如高温高压阀门、高温合金钢等。二是锅炉运行可靠性和安全性有待提高，如锅炉爆炸、泄漏、腐蚀等事故时有发生。三是锅炉环保性能有待优化，如锅炉排放的氮氧化物、硫氧化物、颗粒物等污染物仍超过国家标准。

四、政策环境

近年来，我国政府出台了一系列有利于电站锅炉行业发展的政策措施，主要包括以下几个方面：

（1）加强能源规划和管理。2021年12月，国务院发布了《能源法（草案）》，明确了能源的战略地位和基本原则，规定了能源的开发利用、节约和保护、市场监管、应急保障等方面的内容，为能源行业的健康发展提供了法律依据。2022年1月，国家能源局发布了《关于印发2021年能源工作要点的通知》，提出了2021年能源工作的十大重点任务，其中包括推进清洁低碳能源发展、加快电力体制改革、深化油气体制改革等。

（2）推动节能降碳和绿色发展。2020年9月，习近平主席在第75届联合国大会上宣布，我国将力争于2030年前达到二氧化碳排放峰值，努力于2060年前实现碳中和。为实现这一目标，我国将加快推进能源生产和消费革命，大力发展可再生能源，加强电力市场建设，优化电力结构，提高火力发电效率和清洁度，降低火力发电对环境的影响。2022年3月，国家发展和改革委员会发布了《“十四五”时期全国节能减排综合工作方案》，提出了“十四五”时期节能减排的总体目标、重点任务和保障措施。

（3）支持锅炉产业创新和转型升级。2021年10月，国务院发布了《关于促进制造业高质量发展的若干意见》，提出了加快制造业创新驱动发展、推动制造业向中高端迈进、构建制造业开放合作新格局等方面的政策措施。2022年2月，工业和信息化部发布了《关于加快推进工业互联网创新发展的指导意见》，提出了加快推进工业互联网基础设施建设、深化工业互联网平台应用创新、培育工业互联网生态体系等方面的工作要求。这些政策都将有利于锅炉产业利用新技术、新模式、新业态，实现转型升级和创新发展。

五、发展机遇与挑战

综上所述，我国电站锅炉行业在市场需求、技术水平、政策环境等方面都存在着一定的优势和机遇，但也面临着一些挑战和风险。以下是对电站锅炉行业发展机遇与挑战的分析：

（1）发展机遇。一是能源需求持续增长，为电站锅炉提供了稳定的市场需求。随着我国经济社会的发展，人民生活水平的提高，能源消费需求将保持较快增长。根据国家能源局发布的《中国能源发展报告2022》，预计到2030年，我国能源消费总量将达到60亿吨标准煤左右，其中电力消费总量将达到11.5万亿千瓦时左右。这将为电站锅炉提供了巨大的市场空间。二是节能降碳和绿色发展的要求，为电站锅炉带来了技术创新和转型升级的机遇。为实现碳达峰和碳中和的目标，我国将加快推进能源结构调整，优化电力结构，提高火力发电效率和清洁度，降低火力发电对环境的影响。这将促进电站锅炉向高效节能、低碳环保、循环利用等方向发展，提升电站锅炉的技术水平和竞争力。三是政策支持和市场开放，为电站锅炉创造了良好的发展环境。我国政府出台了一系列有利于电站锅炉行业发展的政策措施，包括加强能源规划和管理、推动节能降碳和绿色发展、支持锅炉产业创新和转型升级等。同时，我国也积极参与国际能源合作，拓展电站锅炉的海外市场，增强电站锅炉的国际影响力。

（2）发展挑战。一是可再生能源发展迅速，对火力发电形成了竞争压力。随着风能、太阳能等可再生能源技术的进步和成本的降低，可再生能源发电在我国电力结构中占比不断提高，对火力发电形成了替代和挤压效应。根据尚普咨询集团的预测，到2030年，我国可再生能源发电装机容量将达到12.5亿千瓦，占全国总装机容量的45.5%。这将对火力发电和电站锅炉的市场需求造成一定影响。二是锅炉行业竞争激烈，对电站锅炉企业提出了更高要求。我国锅炉行业竞争格局呈现出市场集中度较高、产品结构不均衡、技术水平有待提升等特点。这意味着电站锅炉企业要想在市场中脱颖而出，必须不断加强技术创新、产品优化、服务提升等方面的工作，提高自身核心竞争力。三是环境保护和安全生产的压力不断增大，对电站锅炉提出了更严格的标准和要求。随着人们对环境质量和生态安全的关注度不断提高，我国对锅炉排放的污染物和温室气体的监管和控制也越来越严格。同时，锅炉运行过程中也存在着一些安全隐患，如锅炉爆炸、泄漏、腐蚀等事故时有发生。这就要求电站锅炉必须不断提高自身的环保性能和安全性能，符合国家和行业的相关标准和规范。

六、结论与建议

综上所述，2023年我国电站锅炉行业市场规模仍将保持较大的空间，技术水平将继续提升，政策环境将更加有利，发展机遇将大于挑战。但同时，电站锅炉行业也面临着可再生能源发展迅速、行业竞争激烈、环境保护和安全生产压力增大等方面的风险和挑战。为此，本报告提出以下建议：

（1）加强锅炉产业链的协同发展，形成优势互补和合作共赢的局面。电站锅炉作为火力发电设备的核心部件，其发展离不开火力发电行业的支撑和带动。同时，电站锅炉也与其他相关行业有着密切的联系，如钢铁、机械、化工、建材等。因此，电站锅炉企业应该加强与上下游产业链的沟通和协作，形成有效的资源配置和价值创造机制，提高整个产业链的效率和竞争力。

（2）加快锅炉技术创新和产品优化，提升锅炉能效水平和环保性能。技术创新是电站锅炉行业发展的根本动力，也是应对市场竞争和政策要求的关键手段。电站锅炉企业应该加大技术创新投入，开展超超临界、超高温超高压、循环流化床等高效节能锅炉的研发和应用，提升新增电站锅炉能效水平。同时，也应该加强对在运锅炉的节能降碳改造，采用自动化控制、烟气余热深度回收、可再生能源耦合等手段，提升现有电站锅炉能效水平。此外，还应该加强对锅炉排放的污染物和温室气体的监测和控制，采用先进的净化设备和技术，优化锅炉环保性能。

（3）加强锅炉运行监测和管理，提高锅炉运行效率和安全性。运行监测和管理是电站锅炉行业发展的重要保障，也是提高客户满意度和忠诚度的有效途径。电站锅炉企业应该利用工业互联网、大数据、人工智能等新技术，建立锅炉运行监测和管理平台，实现对锅炉运行参数、能耗指标、排放指标等的实时监测和分析，及时发现和解决运行问题，提高锅炉运行效率和安全性。同时，也应该加强与锅炉使用单位的沟通和协作，提供锅炉运行维护、节能服务等工作，提高客户满意度和忠诚度。

（4）拓展锅炉海外市场，增强锅炉国际影响力。海外市场是电站锅炉行业发展的重要方向，也是提高锅炉品牌知名度和美誉度的有效途径。电站锅炉企业应该积极参与国际能源合作，充分利用“一带一路”等国家战略和平台，开拓锅炉海外市场，提供优质的锅炉产品和服务。同时，也应该加强与国际同行的交流和学习，借鉴国际先进的技术和管理经验，提升锅炉国际竞争力。

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On July 16, 2021, Shangpu Consulting received a satisfaction evaluation sheet from the customer for the Shared Beauty Research Project. The customer said: The content of Phase I and Phase II is satisfactory, and we look forward to signing a long-term agreement in the later period. The research part of the country will continue to cooperate with your company. I wish users a prosperous career, evergreen foundation!
On July 09, 2021, Shangpu Consulting received a satisfaction evaluation sheet from the customer for the "Research Project on the Organizational Structure of Two Liquor Production Enterprises. The customer said: This is an organizational structure survey, the service process is very good, looking forward to the next cooperation. I wish users a prosperous career, evergreen foundation!

In the field of consulting, Champ Consulting can also provide you with the following services:

Research Module	research content
Market research	Industry status	market capacity	Product Application	channel mode	Supply chain	market competition	Market Consulting
Competitor Research	Enterprise background	Enterprise Finance	Sales Data	Market Strategy	Production Equipment	Supply Procurement	Technology R & D
Competitor Research	warehousing logistics	channel construction	Human Resources	Enterprise Strategy
User Research	Consumer Survey	consumption behavior attitude	Publicity/Promotion	Product Service	Brand Research	consumer characteristics
User Research	satisfaction survey	Employee satisfaction	user satisfaction
Market Entry Advisory	Macro Industry Research	competitive enterprise research	Downstream User Research	Channel Research	Due Diligence	Return on Investment
Market Entry Advisory	Floor module	Landing implementation recommendations	Long-term cooperation
Business investment due diligence	Target industry market investment value due diligence	Industry Benchmarking Enterprise Research	Target Enterprise Credit Assessment Report	Project investment due diligence
industry planning	Market research	market access	development strategy	investment location	Acquisition and integration	IPO Fundraising
Credit Report	Basic information	Major Events	Production/Operation Network	enterprise scale	Operating strength	Financial strength	Legal risk
Credit Report	Future business prediction	Overall credit rating	cooperative risk warning
Brand/Sales Proof	Market Share Proof	Market Share Proof	Proof of brand strength	Industry Proof	Specialized new proof	Proof of sales strength	Proof of technological leadership
Brand/Sales Proof	National/Global Status Certificate

Service advantages

More than 20 years of focus on the Chinese market consulting, won the user recognition, user satisfaction reached more than 96%, the following is part of the user praise

Focus on production and research

15 Year

Champ Consulting has been established for 15 years.

48 Intellectual Property Rights

Independent methodology

80% of the information comes from first-hand research.
massive data

118 Billionth

Self-built database 11.8 billion

Covering 1978 industries in China

0.1 billion new data per year

Industry Big Data Platform
Research Team

118 +

Have a 300 team of professional consultants

Practical operation and management experience of top enterprises

88% of members have international PMP certificates
Intellectual Property

48 Item

Independent methodology

48 independent intellectual property rights

high-tech enterprise

Industry Big Data Platform

Customer Evaluation

More than 20 years of focus on the Chinese market consulting, won the user recognition, user satisfaction reached more than 96%, the following is part of the user praise