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2024-07-18 08:26:07 来源：尚普咨询浏览量：0

一、发展环境：政策加码，助推汽车检测行业高质量发展

汽车检测是为确定汽车技术状况或工作能力的检查。最初由汽车维修技术衍生而来，随着汽车使用时间的延长（或行驶里程的增加），其零件逐渐磨损、腐蚀、变形、老化，以及润滑油变质等影响，导致配合副间隙变大，引起运动松旷、振动、发响和漏气、漏水、漏油等，造成汽车技术性能下降，因此汽车检测是汽车使用过程中非常重要的一环。在整个机动车大类的检测中，主要分为在用车检测和新车下线检测，其中在用车检测又可分为强制性检测和非强制性检测，分别对应不同的检测模式。

近年来，随着汽车行业的持续发展，汽车的数量也在持续增加，导致因汽车问题而引发的各类交通事故频发，为了更好的规避交通事故的发生，保障人们的出行安全，国家和各级政府相继出台了一系列政策，扶持和鼓励汽车检测行业的发展。2022年10月交通运输部发布《道路运输车辆技术管理规定》一文对道路运输车辆做出了相关规定，指出道路运输经营者应当定期到机动车综合性能检测机构，对道路运输车辆进行综合性能检测等。2022年9月公安部、市场监管总局等四部门联合印发了《关于深化机动车检验制度改革优化车检服务工作的意见》，提出要改进优化检测方法，监督检验机构准确执行排放检验标准和技术规范，规范开展机动车检验，提升检验质量，避免在检验中操作不当导致车辆损坏。2023年3月交通运输部、科技部也联合发文称，要开展基础设施智能化检测、数字化诊断、标准化评估、快速化处置技术与装备研发，推广应用智能交通装备的认证、检测检验和运维技术。

为了进一步规范和优化汽车检测技术，各省市也相继出台了各项政策来推动行业的高质量发展。四川省等省市出台有关汽车检测技术的政策，对技术检测提出了相应的要求和发展规划，2022年11月四川省发布了《关于搞活汽车流通扩大汽车消费十五条措施的通知》，提出要强化道路运输车辆技术检测，引导老旧运营车辆有序退出道路运输市场；完善平行进口汽车检测设备，合理规划满足“国六”排放标准的新增环保检测项目。山东省、陕西省、贵州省等省市出台了有关汽车检测机构的政策，进一步对其进行管控和制约。2022年8月山东省印发《机动车检验机构建设运营管理服务规范》，提出机动车检验机构应依法注册登记，登记的经营范围营包含机动车检验检测，不得包含机动车质量鉴定、咨询、维修、保养、销售等。2022年4月贵州省出台了《贵州省机动车检验检测机构专项整治行动工作方案》，指出以双随机监督检查为主要手段，对全省机动车检验检测机构进行全覆盖监督检查；促进全省机动车检验检测机构落实主题责任，依法依规开展检验检测活动。

二、发展现状：市场需求持续增长，行业竞争日趋激烈

随着我国经济持续快速发展，机动车保有量继续保持快速增长态势。汽车检测行业市场需求与汽车保有量及车龄相关，汽车保有量及车龄决定了市场业务量。我国机动车尤其是汽车保有量的持续增长，需要不断增强的机动车检测能力与之匹配。《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法实施条例》、《通报公安部服务“六稳”“六保”，深化公安交管“放管服”改革，推出优化营商环境12项措施情况》等法律法规对不同类型机动车的检测频次要求作出明确规定，只有经检测合格的车辆方可取得检验合格标志，未取得检验合格标志的车辆不得上路行驶。中国保有车辆平均车龄已进入需强制检测年限且随着车辆进入存量市场其平均车龄还在持续增长。针对不同类型机动车，在用车车龄的不断增长，在用车对应车型的相关安全、环保和综合检测频次增加，检测市场下游需求增大。

根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，截至2022年底，我国机动车总数达到4.59亿辆，比2021年增加了4200万辆，同比增长10.06%。其中，汽车保有量为3.51亿辆，占机动车总量的76.47%，较上年增加了3200万辆，同比增长10.05%。2023年全年中国汽车检测行业市场规模预计达到648亿元，同比增长9.5%。其中，在用车强制性检测市场规模预计为420亿元，同比增长8.6%；非强制性检测市场规模预计为168亿元，同比增长9.8%；新车下线检测市场规模预计为60亿元，同比增长14.3%。

汽车检测行业的市场竞争格局主要由两方面因素决定：一是汽车检测机构的数量和规模，二是汽车检测机构的服务质量和技术水平。根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，2022年，全国机动车检验机构的总数约为1.4万家，其中公安部门直属的机构占全国的三分之一左右，社会化的机构占全国的三分之二左右。社会化机构中，有国际知名品牌的机构占比为5.6%，有国内知名品牌的机构占比为12.4%，其他中小型机构占比为81.9%。从市场份额来看，社会化机构的市场份额已经超过了公安部门直属机构，其中国内知名品牌的机构如中石化、中石油、中交、中铁等在各地区都有较强的影响力和竞争力。但是，从服务质量和技术水平来看，公安部门直属机构仍然具有较高的权威性和信誉度，社会化机构之间的差异也较大，一些中小型机构存在服务不规范、技术不先进、设备不完善等问题，导致消费者对其满意度不高。

随着汽车检测行业的发展，行业竞争也日趋激烈。一方面，政策法规对汽车检测行业提出了更高的要求和标准，对汽车检测机构的资质、设备、人员、流程等方面进行了严格的规范和监管，提高了行业准入门槛和退出成本，促使行业向规范化、标准化、专业化方向发展。另一方面，消费者对汽车检测服务的需求也越来越多样化和个性化，对汽车检测服务的质量、效率、价格、便利性等方面有了更高的期待和要求，推动了行业向多元化、差异化、细分化方向发展。

三、发展趋势：新能源汽车、智能网联汽车等新机遇催生新需求

汽车检测行业作为汽车产业链中的重要一环，其发展趋势与汽车产业的发展趋势密切相关。当前，我国汽车产业正处于转型升级的关键时期，新能源汽车、智能网联汽车等新技术、新产品、新模式不断涌现，给汽车检测行业带来了新的挑战和机遇。

能源汽车是指以新型动力系统为主要动力来源，并通过先进技术实现驱动控制和整车优化配置，并具有先进技术水平、低污染排放或零排放、节能高效或可再生能源利用等特点的汽车。根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，2022年，我国新能源汽车市场呈现爆发式增长，产量和销量均超过700万辆，同比增幅均接近100%，占乘用车市场的四分之一。这是我国新能源汽车连续第八年保持全球领先的成绩。预计2023年全年我国新能源汽车产销将达到350万辆左右。随着我国对传统燃油汽车限购限行政策的实施以及对新能源汽车的补贴和优惠政策的支持，新能源汽车的市场需求将持续增长，预计到2025年我国新能源汽车保有量将达到8000万辆左右。

新能源汽车的发展给汽车检测行业带来了新的需求和机遇。一方面，新能源汽车的技术特点和使用特性决定了其在安全性、环保性、综合性能等方面有着不同于传统燃油汽车的检测需求。例如，新能源汽车的电池、电机、电控等部件需要进行电气安全、电磁兼容、电池性能等方面的检测；新能源汽车的排放检测需要考虑其整车能耗、二氧化碳排放等指标。另一方面，新能源汽车的市场规模和保有量的增长也为汽车检测行业带来了巨大的市场空间。根据尚普咨询集团数据显示，2023年全年我国新能源汽车检测市场规模预计达到50亿元，占整个汽车检测市场规模的7.7%；预计到2025年我国新能源汽车检测市场规模将达到150亿元，占整个汽车检测市场规模的15.8%。

智能网联汽车是指通过先进传感器、控制器、执行器等装置，实现对汽车本身、驾驶者、路况、环境等信息的感知、分析、交互和控制，并通过互联网、移动通信网络等方式与其他车辆、道路基础设施、云端平台等进行信息交换和资源共享，实现智能化驾驶和智慧化出行的汽车。根据尚普咨询集团的数据显示，2022年我国智能网联汽车产销分别完成500万辆和480万辆，同比分别增长60%和58%，占整个乘用车市场份额的25%。预计2023年全年我国智能网联汽车产销将达到700万辆左右。随着我国对智能网联汽车技术标准、安全监管、应用示范等方面的政策支持和推动，智能网联汽车的市场需求将持续增长，预计到2025年我国智能网联汽车保有量将达到3000万辆左右。

智能网联汽车的发展给汽车检测行业带来了新的挑战和机遇。一方面，智能网联汽车的技术复杂度和系统集成度高，涉及多种技术领域和多种功能模块，对其在安全性、可靠性、互操作性等方面有着更高的检测要求。例如，智能网联汽车需要进行传感器性能、通信协议、数据安全、人机交互等方面的检测；智能网联汽车需要进行自动驾驶功能、远程控制功能、信息服务功能等方面的检测。另一方面，智能网联汽车的市场规模和保有量的增长也为汽车检测行业带来了巨大的市场潜力。根据尚普咨询集团数据显示，2023年全年我国智能网联汽车检测市场规模预计达到80亿元，占整个汽车检测市场规模的12.4%；预计到2025年我国智能网联汽车检测市场规模将达到200亿元，占整个汽车检测市场规模的21.1%。

四、结论与建议：加大研发投入，提升服务质量，抓住新机遇，实现高质量发展

汽车检测行业是汽车产业链中的重要一环，其发展水平直接影响着汽车行业的安全性、环保性、效率性等方面。当前，汽车检测行业正面临着政策、社会、技术等多方面的影响，市场需求持续增长，行业竞争日趋激烈，新能源汽车、智能网联汽车等新机遇催生新需求。为了应对这些挑战和机遇，尚普咨询集团认为，汽车检测行业需要做好以下几方面的工作：

加大研发投入，提升技术水平。汽车检测行业需要不断跟进汽车产业的技术发展动态，针对新能源汽车、智能网联汽车等新技术、新产品、新模式的特点和需求，开展相关的技术研究和标准制定，完善和更新检测设备和方法，提高检测的准确性、可靠性和有效性。

提升服务质量，增强消费者信任。汽车检测行业需要严格遵守国家和地方的相关法律法规和政策要求，规范和优化检测流程和管理制度，加强对检测人员的培训和考核，提高检测人员的专业素养和服务意识，保证检测结果的公正性和透明性，增强消费者对检测机构的信任和满意度。

抓住新机遇，拓展新市场。汽车检测行业需要积极把握新能源汽车、智能网联汽车等新机遇带来的新需求和新市场，根据不同类型和不同阶段的汽车检测需求，提供差异化和个性化的检测服务，满足消费者的多样化和高端化的需求，增加自身的市场份额和竞争力。

实现高质量发展，促进行业协同。汽车检测行业需要以高质量发展为目标，不断提升自身的核心竞争力和创新能力，同时也要加强与汽车产业链上下游的合作和协调，形成良好的行业生态和发展环境，为推动我国汽车产业的转型升级和高质量发展做出积极贡献。

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