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2024-07-18 10:32:33 Source: Champ Consulting Visits:0
一、半导体分立器件行业概述
半导体分立器件是由单个半导体晶体管构成的具有独立、完整功能的器件,是半导体产业的重要组成部分。半导体分立器件的种类繁多,包括功率半导体分立器件、小信号半导体分立器件、光电子器件和传感器。其中,功率半导体分立器件是指能够承受较高电压或电流的器件,如二极管、晶闸管、MOSFET、IGBTWait;Small-signal semiconductor discrete devices are devices that are mainly used for signal amplification or switching control, such as transistors, field effect transistors, etc.;Optoelectronic devices are devices made using the principle of the interaction between light and electricity, such as light-emitting diodes, photodiodes, etc.;The sensor refers to a device that can convert the measured physical quantity into an electrical signal output, such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, etc.
Semiconductor discrete devices have the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and low cost, and are widely used in communications, computers, consumer electronics, automotive electronics and other fields. With the increasing demand and diversification of the downstream end market, the performance requirements for semiconductor discrete devices are also increasing, which promotes technological progress and product updates in the industry. Currently, with silicon carbide (SiC)、氮化镓 (GaN)半导体功率器件为代表的第三代半导体是当前半导体产业的发展主流。相较于第一、二代而言,第三代的宽禁带半导体器件的产品性能存在显著优势,“fourteen five”期间,国家及各省市的政策及规划均在强调半导体分立器件在第三代半导体领域的发展。
二、全球和中国半导体分立器件市场规模
(一)全球市场规模
According to data from the Champ Consulting Group,2017-2020In 2010, the size of the global semiconductor discrete device market fluctuated.2017年,市场规模为238.28Billion US dollars, year-on-year growth13.6%;2018年,市场规模为249.03Billion US dollars, year-on-year growth4.5%;2019年,市场规模为238.76billion dollars, down year-on-year4.1%;2020年,市场规模为238.04billion dollars, down year-on-year0.3%。2020The slight decline in the size of the global semiconductor discrete device market was mainly due to the impact of the new crown epidemic, the global economic slowdown, weakening downstream demand, and supply chain disruptions that also affected capacity and shipments.
The global semiconductor discrete device market will rebound in 2022, reaching340.6Billion US dollars, year-on-year growth10.1%. With the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic recovery, downstream demand will gradually pick up, while the supply chain will gradually return to normal, conducive to the development of the industry. Global discrete semiconductor market size2023-2026The annual compound annual growth rate is about4.2%. Preliminary calculations,2026In 2010, the global market size of the semiconductor discrete device manufacturing industry will exceed320Billions of dollars.
(II) China Market Size
According to data from the Champ Consulting Group,2017-2019In 2010, the market capacity of semiconductor discrete devices (including optoelectronic devices and sensors) in China showed steady growth.2017year, the market capacity is2290Billion yuan, year-on-year growth13.9%;2018year, the market capacity is2596Billion yuan, year-on-year growth13.4%;2019year, the market capacity is2852Billion yuan, year-on-year growth9.8%。2019-2020In 2012, the demand for semiconductor discrete devices in China was as follows7841Billions and7547100 million, the demand decreased slightly. At the same time, affected by the epidemic at home and abroad,2020China's semiconductor discrete device sales revenue in2019Decreased slightly,2763Billions of dollars.
According to data from the Champ Consulting Group,2022In 2010, the size of China's semiconductor discrete device market will continue to grow, reaching3030Billion yuan, year-on-year growth3.7%. With the effectiveness of domestic epidemic prevention and control and the acceleration of economic recovery, downstream demand will continue to grow, while the state's support and encouragement of the semiconductor industry will also enhance confidence in the development of the industry.2022-2023年,中国半导体分立器件市场规模将保持稳定增长,受益于下游需求的持续拉动和新技术的不断创新。预计2023年全年,中国市场规模将超过3300Billions of dollars.
3. Global and China Discrete Semiconductor Device Competition
(I) global competitive landscape
The competitive landscape of the global semiconductor discrete device industry is characterized by regional mismatch. From the supply side, Europe is the world's largest semiconductor discrete device production region, its main manufacturers are interested in French Semiconductor, Infineon,NXP等。这些厂商在高端产品方面具有较强的技术优势和市场份额,在汽车电子、工业控制等领域有着广泛的应用。日本是全球第二大供给区域,其主要厂商有东芝、日本电气、三菱电机等。这些厂商在功率半导体分立器件方面有着较长的发展历史和较高的技术水平,在电力系统、轨道交通等领域有着较强的竞争力。美国是全球第三大供给区域,其主要厂商有安森美半导体、德州仪器、奥特斯半导体等。这些厂商在小信号半导体分立器件方面有着较大的市场份额,在通信、计算机等领域有着较多的应用。
From the demand side, China is the world's largest consumer of semiconductor discrete devices, and its main demand comes from communications, computers, consumer electronics and other fields. With5G通信、物联网、人工智能等新兴领域的快速发展,对半导体分立器件的性能要求不断提高,促进了国内厂商的技术进步和产品更新。北美也是半导体分立器件的主要市场之一,因为该地区的大型汽车和其他行业对分立半导体的消费需求较大。欧洲和日本的需求规模相对较小,主要集中在工业控制、电力系统等领域。
(二)中国竞争格局
中国半导体分立器件行业竞争格局呈现国际厂商与国内厂商的共存状态。国际厂商如意法半导体、英飞凌等在高端产品方面具有较强的技术优势和市场份额,主要服务于汽车电子、工业控制等领域。国内厂商如士兰微、华微电子等在中低端产品方面实现了国产替代,并在新材料应用方面加大投入,主要服务于通信、计算机、消费电子等领域。目前,中国半导体分立器件行业仍存在一定的技术差距和结构性供需失衡,需要加强技术创新和产业协同,提高产品性能和质量,满足下游市场的多元化需求。
四、半导体分立器件行业发展趋势
Application and Innovation of the Third Generation Semiconductor Materials in (I)
The third generation semiconductor material refers to silicon carbide with wide band gap characteristics. (SiC)、氮化镓 (GaN)And other materials, compared to the first generation. (Silicon)和第二代 (砷化镓)半导体材料,具有更高的耐压、耐温、开关速度等性能优势,适用于新能源汽车、5G通信、智能电网等领域。随着下游市场对高效率、低功耗、小型化的需求日益增长,第三代半导体材料的应用和创新将成为半导体分立器件行业的发展趋势。据尚普咨询集团数据显示,2020年全球第三代半导体市场规模约为30Billions of dollars, expected2025The year will reach100亿美元,复合年增长率超过25%。在国内,第三代半导体也受到了国家和地方政府的高度重视和支持,多个省市出台了相关的政策和规划,鼓励企业加大研发和投资,培育产业集群和创新平台。目前,国内已有华润微、士兰微、扬杰科技、华微电子等多家企业在第三代半导体领域取得了一定的突破和进展,部分产品已实现量产和商用。
(二)汽车电子领域的快速增长
汽车电子是半导体分立器件的重要应用领域之一,随着汽车智能化、电气化、网联化的发展,对半导体分立器件的需求量和性能要求不断提高。在2022-2028年期间,全球汽车电子市场将以7.4%的年复合增长率扩大,从2022of the year3012亿美元增长到2028of the year4520亿美元。其中,汽车电子领域的重要组成部分是功率半导体分立器件,主要应用于动力总成、底盘控制、车身电子等系统。在2022-2028年期间,全球汽车功率半导体分立器件市场将以12.5%的年复合增长率增长,从2022of the year41亿美元增长到2028of the year93亿美元。在国内,随着新能源汽车产业的快速发展,对高效率、低功耗、小型化的功率半导体分立器件的需求将持续增长。据尚普咨询集团数据显示,2020年中国新能源汽车功率半导体分立器件市场规模约为10Billions of dollars, expected2025The year will reach40亿元,复合年增长率超过30%。
五、半导体分立器件行业增长动力
(一)下游终端市场的需求拉动
半导体分立器件的需求主要来自于下游终端市场的拉动。随着5G通信、物联网、人工智能、新能源汽车等领域的快速发展,对半导体分立器件的性能要求不断提高,促进了行业内的技术进步和产品更新。例如,在5G通信领域,由于5G基站需要更高的频率和功率输出,传统的硅基半导体分立器件已经难以满足需求,而第三代半导体分立器件如GaN则具有更高的频率、功率、效率等优势,可以有效提升5G基站的性能和稳定性。据尚普咨询集团数据显示,2020Global Year5G基站用GaN半导体分立器件市场规模约为1.5Billions of dollars, expected2025The year will reach10亿美元,复合年增长率超过45%。在国内,随着5G网络的快速建设和覆盖,对GaN半导体分立器件的需求将持续增长。据尚普咨询集团数据显示,2020年中国5G基站用GaN半导体分立器件市场规模约为0.6Billions of dollars, expected2025The year will reach4亿元,复合年增长率超过45%。
(二)技术创新的驱动力
半导体分立器件的发展也受到技术创新的驱动力。随着下游市场对高效率、低功耗、小型化的需求日益增长,半导体分立器件的技术水平和产品性能也不断提高。例如,在功率半导体分立器件领域,从第一代的硅 (Si)、第二代的砷化镓 (GaAs)到第三代的碳化硅 (SiC)、氮化镓 (GaN),每一代的技术进步都带来了性能的显著提升。目前,第三代半导体材料是当前半导体产业的发展主流,具有更高的耐压、耐温、开关速度等性能优势,适用于新能源汽车、5G通信、智能电网等领域。在国内外,多家企业在第三代半导体领域进行了技术创新和产品研发,推动了行业的发展。例如,意法半导体推出了全球首款1200V SiC MOSFET产品,在汽车电子领域具有较强的竞争力;英飞凌推出了全球首款650V GaN HEMT产品,在5G通信领域具有较高的效率和稳定性;华润微推出了国内首款900V SiC MOSFET产品,在光伏逆变器领域具有较高的性价比;士兰微推出了国内首款650V GaN HEMT产品,在快速充电领域具有较大的市场潜力。
6. epilogue
综上所述,半导体分立器件是半导体产业的重要组成部分,广泛应用于通信、计算机、消费电子、汽车电子等领域。2020年,受新冠疫情影响,全球和中国半导体分立器件市场规模略有下降。2021年,随着疫情防控和经济恢复,全球和中国半导体分立器件市场规模有望迎来反弹。2022-2023年,全球和中国半导体分立器件市场规模将保持稳定增长,受益于下游需求的持续拉动和新技术的不断创新。
全球半导体分立器件行业竞争格局呈现区域错配的特征,欧洲为全球第一大供给区域,而中国为全球第一大需求区域。国际厂商在高端产品方面具有较强的技术优势和市场份额,国内厂商在中低端产品方面实现了国产替代,并在新材料应用方面加大投入。半导体分立器件行业的发展趋势主要聚焦于第三代半导体材料的应用和创新,碳化硅 (SiC)、氮化镓 (GaN)等宽禁带半导体具有更高的性能优势,适用于新能源汽车、5G通信、智能电网等领域。
半导体分立器件行业的增长动力主要来自于下游终端市场的需求拉动和技术创新驱动,随着5G通信、物联网、人工智能、新能源汽车等领域的快速发展,对半导体分立器件的性能要求不断提高,促进了行业内的技术进步和产品更新。同时,随着国家对半导体产业的重视和支持,以及产业链上下游的协同发展,为行业提供了良好的发展环境和机遇。
尚普咨询认为,半导体分立器件行业是一个充满活力和潜力的行业,未来将迎来更多的发展机遇和挑战。我们建议相关企业和投资者关注行业的动态变化和技术创新,抓住市场需求和政策支持的契机,提高自主创新能力和核心竞争力,实现可持续发展。
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