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专精特新企业认定的条件和流程：你明白吗？

2024-07-18 01:22:53 来源：尚普咨询浏览量：0

专精特新企业是指在细分市场具有较强竞争力、专业化程度高、创新能力强、发展潜力大的中小企业，是国家推动产业转型升级、培育新动能的重要力量。专精特新企业的认定是指国家对符合一定条件的中小企业进行评价和认定，以便给予相应的政策支持和服务。专精特新企业的认定标准、申报流程和政策支持措施是什么？专精特新企业的发展现状和面临的挑战又是什么？如何借助专业的咨询服务提升自身的创新能力和市场竞争力？本文将对这些问题进行探讨。

一、专精特新企业的认定标准

根据《优质中小企业梯度培育管理暂行办法》，专精特新企业的认定标准主要包括基本条件、专项条件和分类条件三个方面。

（一）基本条件

1.在中华人民共和国境内工商注册登记、连续经营3年以上、具有独立法人资格、符合《中小企业划型标准规定》的中小企业，且属于省级中小企业主管部门认定或重点培育的“专精特新”中小企业或其他创新能力强、市场竞争优势突出的中小企业。

2.坚持专业化发展战略，长期专注并深耕于产业链某一环节或某一产品，能为大企业、大项目提供关键零部件、元器件和配套产品，或直接面向市场并具有竞争优势的自有品牌产品。

3.具有持续创新能力和研发投入，在研发设计、生产制造、市场营销、内部管理等方面不断创新并取得比较显著的效益，具有一定的示范推广价值。

4.重视并实施长期发展战略，公司治理规范、信誉良好、社会责任感强，生产技术、工艺及产品质量性能国内领先，注重绿色发展，加强人才队伍建设，有较好的品牌影响力，具备发展成为相关领域国际知名企业的潜力。

有下列情况之一的企业，不得被推荐：申请过程中提供虚假信息的；近三年发生过重大安全、质量、环境污染事故的；有偷漏税或其他违法违规、严重失信行为的。

（二）专项条件

1.经济效益。截至上年末的近2年主营业务收入或净利润的平均增长率达到5%以上，企业资产负债率不高于70%。

2.专业化程度。截至上年末，企业从事特定细分市场时间达到3年及以上；主营业务收入占营业收入达70%以上；主导产品在细分市场占有率位于全省前3位，且在国内细分行业中享有较高知名度和影响力。

3.创新能力。企业拥有有效发明专利（含集成电路布图设计专有权，下同）2项或实用新型专利、外观设计专利、软件著作权5项及以上;自建或与高等院校、科研机构联合建立研发机构，设立技术研究院、企业技术中心、企业工程中心、院士专家工作站、博士后工作站等；企业在研发设计、生产制造、供应链管理等环节，至少1项核心业务采用信息系统支撑。

4.经营管理。企业拥有自主品牌；取得相关管理体系认证，或产品生产执行国际、国内、行业标准，或是产品通过发达国家和地区产品认证（国际标准协会行业认证）。

（三）分类条件

1.上年度营业收入在1亿元及以上，且近2年研发经费支出占营业收入比重不低于3%。

2.上年度营业收入5000万元（含）—1亿元（不含），且近2年研发经费支出占营业收入比重不低于6%。

3.上年度营业收入不足5000万元，同时满足近2年内新增股权融资额（实缴）8000万元（含）以上，且研发投入经费3000万元（含）以上，研发人员占企业职工总数比例50%（含）以上，创新成果属于本通知“二、重点领域”细分行业关键技术，并有重大突破。

二、专精特新企业的申报流程

专精特新企业的申报流程主要包括以下几个步骤：

（一）企业自主申报。符合条件的企业通过优质中小企业梯度培育平台（zjtx.miit.gov.cn）进行线上申报，并按照要求提交相关材料，包括申请书、营业执照、财务报表、专利证书、研发机构证明、管理体系认证证书、产品认证证书等。

（二）省级初审推荐。各省级中小企业主管部门对申报企业进行初审，审核其是否符合专精特新企业的认定标准，是否提交了完整的申报材料，是否存在不良记录等，初审通过的企业由省级中小企业主管部门推荐给工业和信息化部。（三）国家级复审认定。工业和信息化部组织专家对推荐企业进行复审，复审通过的企业由工业和信息化部正式认定为专精特新企业，并在优质中小企业梯度培育平台公示。（四）年度监测评估。工业和信息化部每年对专精特新企业进行监测评估，对不符合认定标准或存在违法违规行为的企业，取消其专精特新企业的认定资格，并在优质中小企业梯度培育平台公布。

三、专精特新企业的政策支持措施

专精特新企业作为国家重点培育的优质中小企业，享有一系列的政策支持措施，主要包括以下几个方面：

（一）财税政策。专精特新企业可享受《关于支持中小企业发展的若干财税政策的通知》等相关政策，包括增值税、所得税、印花税等方面的优惠。（二）金融政策。专精特新企业可享受《关于进一步加强金融支持中小企业发展的指导意见》等相关政策，包括信贷支持、融资担保、债券发行、股权融资等方面的支持。（三）科技政策。专精特新企业可享受《关于促进中小企业创新发展的指导意见》等相关政策，包括科技计划项目、科技创新基金、科技成果转化、知识产权保护等方面的支持。（四）市场政策。专精特新企业可享受《关于促进中小企业参与政府采购活动的指导意见》等相关政策，包括政府采购、公共服务、国际市场、展会活动等方面的支持。

四、专精特新企业的发展现状和面临的挑战

专精特新企业是国家推动产业转型升级、培育新动能的重要力量，也是中小企业发展的典型代表。根据工业和信息化部的统计数据，专精特新企业涵盖了电子信息、装备制造、新材料、生物医药等多个重点领域。专精特新企业具有以下几个显著特点：

（一）专业化程度高。专精特新企业长期专注并深耕于产业链某一环节或某一产品，形成了自身的核心竞争力，能为大企业、大项目提供关键零部件、元器件和配套产品，或直接面向市场并具有竞争优势的自有品牌产品。专精特新企业的主导产品在细分市场占有率位于全省前3位，且在国内细分行业中享有较高知名度和影响力。

（二）创新能力强。专精特新企业具有持续创新能力和研发投入，在研发设计、生产制造、市场营销、内部管理等方面不断创新并取得比较显著的效益，具有一定的示范推广价值。专精特新企业拥有有效发明专利2项或实用新型专利、外观设计专利、软件著作权5项及以上，且在研发设计、生产制造、供应链管理等环节，至少1项核心业务采用信息系统支撑。

（三）发展潜力大。专精特新企业重视并实施长期发展战略，公司治理规范、信誉良好、社会责任感强，生产技术、工艺及产品质量性能国内领先，注重绿色发展，加强人才队伍建设，有较好的品牌影响力，具备发展成为相关领域国际知名企业的潜力。

专精特新企业虽然在专业化、创新能力、发展潜力等方面具有明显优势，但也面临着一些挑战，主要包括以下几个方面：

（一）融资难。专精特新企业由于规模较小、信用评级较低、抵押物缺乏等原因，难以获得传统金融机构的信贷支持，融资成本较高，融资渠道较少，融资效率较低。专精特新企业的资金需求主要集中在研发投入、技术改造、市场拓展等方面，这些方面的投入往往难以产生快速的回报，导致专精特新企业的现金流紧张，难以应对市场变化和风险挑战。

（二）人才缺。专精特新企业由于专业化程度高，对人才的要求也较高，需要具备专业技术、创新思维、市场敏感等能力的人才。然而，这类人才的供给相对稀缺，专精特新企业又难以提供与大企业相媲美的薪酬福利、职业发展、社会认可等条件，导致专精特新企业的人才吸引和留存困难，人才流失率较高，人才培养成本较高。

（三）市场难。专精特新企业由于专注于细分市场，往往面临着市场规模较小、市场竞争激烈、市场变化快速等问题。专精特新企业需要不断开拓新的市场空间，扩大市场份额，提高市场影响力，但又受制于自身的资源、能力、渠道等因素，难以有效地进行市场调研、市场营销、市场服务等工作，难以形成稳定的客户群和合作伙伴。

五、如何借助专业的咨询服务提升自身的创新能力和市场竞争力

专精特新企业虽然在专业化、创新能力、发展潜力等方面具有明显优势，但也面临着一些挑战，需要寻求外部的支持和帮助，以提升自身的创新能力和市场竞争力。专业的咨询服务是专精特新企业的重要选择之一，可以为专精特新企业提供以下几方面的价值：

（一）提供专业的知识和经验。专业的咨询服务可以为专精特新企业提供专业的知识和经验，帮助专精特新企业解决在技术、管理、市场等方面遇到的问题，提高专精特新企业的运营效率和效果。例如，咨询公司是一家专业的咨询服务机构，拥有丰富的行业经验和专业知识，为专精特新企业提供了包括战略规划、技术创新、市场拓展、人才培养、风险管理等方面的咨询服务，帮助专精特新企业实现了快速的发展和突破。

（二）提供客观的视角和建议。专业的咨询服务可以为专精特新企业提供客观的视角和建议，帮助专精特新企业发现自身的优势和劣势，把握市场的机会和挑战，制定合理的目标和策略，优化专精特新企业的发展方向和路径。例如，咨询公司为一家专业生产高端医疗设备的专精特新企业提供了客观的市场分析和竞争对手评估，帮助该企业确定了自身的核心竞争力和差异化优势，制定了针对不同市场和客户的定制化解决方案，提升了该企业的市场占有率和品牌影响力。

（三）提供有效的资源和渠道。专业的咨询服务可以为专精特新企业提供有效的资源和渠道，帮助专精特新企业拓展自身的资源网络，建立与政府、金融机构、科研机构、行业协会、合作伙伴等的良好关系，获取更多的政策支持、资金支持、技术支持、市场支持等，增强专精特新企业的发展后劲和抗风险能力。例如，咨询公司为一家专业生产新能源汽车零部件的专精特新企业提供了有效的资源和渠道，帮助该企业与国内外知名的新能源汽车生产商建立了长期的合作关系，为该企业提供了稳定的订单和收入，同时也为该企业引入了优质的投资机构和金融机构，为该企业的技术研发和规模扩张提供了充足的资金保障。

综上所述，专精特新企业是国家推动产业转型升级、培育新动能的重要力量，也是中小企业发展的典型代表。专精特新企业的认定标准、申报流程和政策支持措施是专精特新企业的基本知识，专精特新企业的发展现状和面临的挑战是专精特新企业的实际问题，如何借助专业的咨询服务提升自身的创新能力和市场竞争力是专精特新企业的重要选择。

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