The concept and characteristics of specialized new enterprises.

Specialized and special new enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises with strong competitiveness, high degree of specialization, strong innovation ability and great development potential in the market segment, and are an important force to promote industrial transformation and upgrading and achieve high-quality development. The concept of specialized and special new enterprises was first proposed by Japan, called "professional manufacturers", which refers to manufacturing enterprises that focus on a certain field or product, and win the trust of the market and customers through continuous innovation and quality improvement. In 2011, China began to learn from Japan's practice and put forward the cultivation plan of "specialized, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises, aiming to cultivate a number of small and medium-sized enterprises with independent intellectual property rights, core technology and brand advantages, and form a number of "invisible champions" with strong competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets ".

The characteristics of specialized new enterprises are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

specialization. Specialized and special new enterprises have long focused on a certain market segment or a certain product, forming their own core competitiveness, and can provide key parts, components and supporting products for large enterprises and large projects, or directly face the market and have Private brand products with competitive advantages. Specialized and special new enterprises usually do not pursue scale expansion, but pursue quality improvement, pay attention to product refinement, personalization and differentiation, and meet the diverse needs of customers.

Innovation ability. Specialized and special new enterprises have the ability of continuous innovation and R & D investment, constantly innovate in R & D design, manufacturing, marketing, internal management and other aspects and achieve remarkable benefits, which has certain demonstration and promotion value. Specialized and special new enterprises have independent intellectual property rights, have effective invention patents, utility model patents, design patents, software copyrights, etc., or obtain key technologies through technology introduction, cooperation, mergers and acquisitions, etc. Specialized and special new enterprises also pay attention to cooperation with universities, scientific research institutions, industry associations, etc., to establish R & D institutions, technology centers, engineering centers, academician expert workstations, post-doctoral workstations, etc., to improve the level of technological innovation.

development potential. Specialized and special new enterprises attach importance to and implement long-term development strategies, have standardized corporate governance, good reputation, strong sense of social responsibility, leading production technology, technology and product quality performance in China, pay attention to green development, strengthen the construction of talent team, have good brand influence, and have the potential to develop into an internationally renowned enterprise in related fields. Specialized and special new enterprises have better economic benefits, higher growth rate of main business income or net profit, lower asset-liability ratio, and higher proportion of R & D expenditure in operating income.

Application and identification of specialized new enterprises

The application and identification of specialized and special new enterprises refers to the process in which innovative small and medium-sized enterprises voluntarily apply according to the principle of territoriality, and the competent department of small and medium-sized enterprises at the provincial level organizes the examination, spot check and publicity of enterprise application materials and relevant supporting materials according to the identification standards, and finally the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology determines and publishes the list of specialized and special new enterprises. The application and identification of specialized new enterprises mainly follow the following principles:

Voluntary application. The application and identification of specialized and special new enterprises are independently chosen by the enterprises, with no mandatory requirements, no fees, no entrustment to any institutions to carry out training, and no need or recommendation to apply through any intermediary agencies. Enterprises only need to fill in truthfully and provide information.

Fair and just. The application and identification of specialized and special new enterprises adhere to the principle of fairness and justice, randomly select experts, do not set a quota limit, do not distinguish between ownership, industry, region, do not repeat the identification, do not repeat the enjoyment of policies. For enterprises that do not meet the conditions or provide false information, once verified, they shall be revoked immediately.

Dynamic management. Specialized new enterprises are valid for 3 years. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology organizes a review of enterprises that have been selected for 3 years, and enterprises that do not meet the conditions or have not submitted review application materials will be revoked. If false declarations or violations of laws and regulations are found within the validity period, they shall be revoked immediately upon verification.

The application and identification of specialized new enterprises mainly includes the following steps:

Declaration. Enterprises through the high-quality SME gradient cultivation platform (zjtx.miit.gov.cn) unified declaration. According to the application materials listed in this notice, they will be uploaded from March 15 to April 10, 2023. The application materials include "the fifth batch of application forms for specialized and new" little giant "enterprises" (Annex 1) and relevant supporting materials (Annex 2).

recommend and primary nuclei. The provincial department in charge of small and medium-sized enterprises is responsible for organizing the preliminary examination and recommend of the fifth batch of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises, and organizing qualified enterprises to fill in the "application form for the fifth batch of specialized and new" little giant "enterprises" (Annex 1), and put forward recommend opinions after preliminary examination and verification. The number of enterprises recommend does not exceed 200, of which the number of enterprises with operating income less than 50 million yuan in the previous year does not exceed 10.

Audit publicity. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is responsible for organizing the review and publicity of the fifth batch of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises. According to the identification standards, experts are organized to review the enterprises recommend by the provincial-level SME authorities. The results of the review will be published on the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology website (www.miit.gov.cn) The publicity period is 10 working days. During the publicity period, accept the supervision of all sectors of society, if there is any objection, it can be reflected to the Ministry of industry and information technology by telephone, letter, e-mail, etc.

Confirm the release. According to the audit and publicity, the Ministry of industry and information technology has determined the list of the fifth batch of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises, which will be published on the website of the Ministry of industry and information technology (www.miit.gov.cn), and notify the provincial departments in charge of small and medium-sized enterprises, which will notify the relevant enterprises of the identification results.

Development Status and Challenges of Specialized and New Enterprises

Since the cultivation plan of specialized and special new enterprises was launched in 2011, it has achieved certain results and made positive contributions to China's industrial transformation and upgrading and innovation-driven development. By the end of 2022, there were more than 4000 specialized and new "little giant" enterprises across the country, covering electronic information, equipment manufacturing, new materials, biomedicine, new energy, energy conservation and environmental protection and other fields. The average scale, efficiency, innovation ability, market share and other indicators of specialized and special new enterprises are higher than those of ordinary small and medium-sized enterprises, which has become an important support and new driving force for China's economic growth.

In the process of development, specialized and special new enterprises are also facing some challenges and difficulties, mainly in the following aspects:

Financing difficulties. Due to the small scale, low visibility, lack of collateral, high risk and other reasons, it is difficult for specialized and special new enterprises to obtain loan support from banks and financial institutions, and it is also difficult to raise funds through equity financing, bond issuance, listing and other means, resulting in a tight capital chain and affecting the normal operation and development of enterprises.

Lack of talent. Due to the lack of attractiveness in salary level, welfare treatment and career development, it is difficult for specialized and special new enterprises to recruit and retain high-quality technical personnel, management personnel and marketing personnel. as a result, the innovation ability, management level and market expansion ability of enterprises are restricted.

Policy is inadequate. Although specialized and special new enterprises have enjoyed some policy support such as tax incentives, financial subsidies and government procurement, the implementation effect and coverage of these policies are not ideal enough. There are some problems such as inadequate implementation of policies, non-standard implementation of policies, and unsmooth policy convergence, which leads to a weak sense of policy acquisition for specialized and special new enterprises.

The environment is complex. Specialized new enterprises are facing fierce competition and uncertain risks in domestic and foreign markets, such as international trade frictions, intellectual property protection, market access, technology blockades, exchange rate fluctuations, the impact of epidemics, etc., resulting in increased operating costs, decreased market demand and reduced profit margins.

Support measures for specialized new enterprises

In order to promote the healthy development of specialized new enterprises, the government and society should take the following support measures:

Increased financial support. The government should guide banks and financial institutions to increase credit to specialized new enterprises, lower loan thresholds and interest rates, extend loan terms, improve loan approval efficiency, simplify loan procedures, increase loan guarantees, and expand loan scale. At the same time, the government should support specialized new enterprises to raise funds through equity financing, bond issuance, listing, etc., to provide specialized new enterprises with capital market services and guidance, and to optimize the financing structure of specialized new enterprises.

Cultivate talent team. The government should strengthen the training and introduction of talents for specialized and special new enterprises, improve the treatment of talents in specialized and special new enterprises, and provide tax incentives, housing subsidies, children's education, medical security and other benefits for talents in specialized and special new enterprises, so as to stimulate the vitality of talents in specialized and special new enterprises. At the same time, the government should support specialized and special new enterprises to cooperate with universities, scientific research institutions, industry associations, etc., establish a mechanism for talent training, exchange, and sharing, and improve the talent level of specialized and special new enterprises.

Improve the policy system. The government should improve the policy system of specialized and special new enterprises, formulate laws and regulations, rules and regulations, standards and guidelines for specialized and special new enterprises, so as to provide legal guarantee for the development of specialized and special new enterprises. At the same time, the government should strengthen the policy implementation and supervision of specialized new enterprises, ensure the implementation of policies, solve the problems in policy implementation in time, and improve the policy satisfaction of specialized new enterprises.

Optimize the development environment. The government should optimize the development environment of specialized and special new enterprises, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights of specialized and special new enterprises, crack down on infringement and counterfeiting, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of specialized and special new enterprises. At the same time, the government should expand the market space of specialized and special new enterprises, support specialized and special new enterprises to participate in government procurement, major projects, international cooperation, etc., help specialized and special new enterprises to open up domestic and foreign markets, and increase the market share of specialized and special new enterprises.

A typical case of a specialized new enterprise.

The consulting company is a company specializing in consulting services for specialized new enterprises, with many years of service experience and rich customer resources. it provides a full range of consulting services for specialized new enterprises, including declaration guidance, market analysis, technical assessment, financial planning, brand building, personnel training and so on. The consulting firm's service cases are as follows:

A science and technology limited company. The company is an enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of intelligent robots. Its main products include industrial robots, service robots, educational robots, etc., with a number of independent intellectual property rights and international leading technical level. In 2021, the company sought guidance from the consulting company for the application of specialized new enterprises. The consulting company provided services such as the preparation, review, modification and submission of application materials, which helped the company successfully pass the identification of specialized new enterprises, enjoyed relevant policy support, and improved the development confidence and competitiveness of enterprises.

A photoelectric co., LTD. The company is an enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of optoelectronic devices. The main products are laser diodes, optical fiber couplers, optical switches, optical attenuators, etc., which are widely used in communications, medical, military and other fields. It has a number of independent Intellectual property rights and domestic leading technical level. In 2022, the company sought consulting services for market analysis from a consulting company. The consulting company provided it with in-depth analysis of domestic and foreign market demand, competition, trends, and opportunities, helping the company formulate a reasonable market strategy and expand New market channels have increased the company's market share and profit margin.

An aviation technology co., LTD. The company is an enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of drones. The main products are multi-rotor drones, fixed-wing drones, vertical take-off and landing drones, etc., which are efficient, safe, flexible, and intelligent. It can be used in agriculture, fire protection, inspection, surveying and mapping and other fields, with a number of independent intellectual property rights and international advanced technical level. The company sought consulting services for technical evaluation from a consulting company in 2023. The consulting company provided it with professional evaluations on the technical level, technological innovation, technical barriers, and technical risks of drones, helping the company improve its technological innovation capabilities, Protect technological advantages and reduce technical risks.