Definition and Characteristics of 1. Specialized Special New Enterprises

Specialized and special new enterprise is a new type of enterprise form, its main feature is innovation-oriented, focusing on a certain field or industry, with high technical content and market potential. There is no unified standard for the definition of specialized new enterprises. Different countries and regions have different concepts and scope of specialized new enterprises according to their actual situation and development goals. But in general, specialized new enterprises have the following common characteristics:

Specialization: Specialization and special new enterprises usually focus on a certain field or industry, forming their own core competitiveness and advantages, not blindly following the trend or imitating others, but according to market demand and technological development, constantly deepen and expand their professional fields, improve their professional level and brand influence.

Special new: Specialized and special new enterprises are innovation-oriented, and continue to launch products or services with independent intellectual property rights and innovative products or services to meet or lead the new needs and new trends of the market, and create new value and new market space. The innovation of specialized and special new enterprises is not only reflected in technology, but also in business model, management mode, marketing and other aspects, forming its own innovation culture and innovation atmosphere.

High technology: specialized and special new enterprises have high technical content and technical level, and their products or services often involve high-tech fields, such as information technology, biotechnology, new material technology, new energy technology, etc., or use advanced technical means and tools, such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, Internet of things, etc., to improve their technical efficiency and technical quality.

High potential: specialized and special new enterprises have high market potential and development prospects, and their products or services are often aimed at markets with large scale and high growth rate, or markets with large innovation space and high added value, or markets with strong social benefits and public welfare, which can bring higher economic and social benefits.

Classification and identification process of 2. specialized and special new enterprises

Specialized new enterprise is not a single concept, but a group of enterprises covering many types and stages. According to the development stage and innovation type of specialized new enterprises, they can be divided into the following categories:

Start-up: start-up specialized and special new enterprises refer to enterprises that are in the early stage of starting a business and have not yet formed a stable profit model and market share, but have strong innovation ability and market potential. Such enterprises are usually faced with greater market risks and technical risks, which require a lot of capital and talent support, but also have a large space for development and growth rate.

Growth-oriented: growth-oriented specialized new enterprises refer to enterprises that are in the stage of rapid development and have formed a certain profit model and market share, but still maintain high innovation ability and market potential. Such enterprises are usually faced with greater competitive pressure and management challenges, and need to constantly optimize and innovate their products or services to improve their market competitiveness and brand influence.

Mature: Mature specialized and special new enterprises refer to enterprises that are in a stable development stage and have high profitability and market share, but still maintain strong innovation capabilities and market potential. Such enterprises are usually faced with greater pressure of change and innovative challenges, and need to constantly adapt to and lead the changes in the market and improve their innovation efficiency and innovation quality.

According to the different types and stages of specialized new enterprises, the identification process is also different, but generally can be divided into the following steps:

Application: Specialized new enterprises need to submit application materials to relevant accreditation agencies or departments, including basic enterprise information, the definition and classification of specialized new enterprises, the accreditation standards and evaluation methods of specialized new enterprises.

Review: The accreditation agency or department conducts a preliminary review of the application materials, selects specialized and special new enterprises that meet the basic conditions, and conducts the next evaluation.

Evaluation: The accreditation agency or department conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the selected specialized new enterprises, and gives the score and grade of the specialized new enterprises according to the core indicators and additional items, and makes the next step of identification.

Accreditation: Accreditation agencies or departments shall, according to the evaluation results, identify specialized new enterprises and give corresponding accreditation certificates and policy support.

The Identification Standard of 3. Specialized and Special New Enterprises

The identification standard of specialized and special new enterprises is an important basis for evaluating their innovation ability and development level, and it is also a prerequisite for enjoying relevant policy support. The identification standards of specialized and special new enterprises should be based on their different types and stages, and formulate standards suitable for different situations. It is necessary to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the standards, but also to ensure the flexibility and operability of the standards. The following is a set of criteria applicable to different types and stages of specialized new enterprises, including basic conditions, core indicators and additional items.

1. Basic conditions

The basic condition is a necessary condition for the identification of specialized and special new enterprises. Enterprises that do not meet the basic conditions will be eliminated directly without subsequent evaluation. The basic conditions mainly include the following aspects:

Legitimacy: Specialized and special new enterprises must be legally registered legal persons, have independent legal personality and management rights, comply with relevant national and regional laws, regulations and policies, and have no violations of laws and regulations and records.

Autonomy: Specialized and special new enterprises must be independent innovation enterprises, with independent intellectual property rights and independent brands, no infringement of other people's intellectual property rights and trade secrets, and no control or influence by others.

Professionalism: specialized and special new enterprises must be enterprises that focus on a certain field or industry, have clear professional direction and objectives, do not involve multiple unrelated or unrelated fields or industries, and do not disperse or waste their own resources and energy.

Novelty: Specialized and special new enterprises must be innovative enterprises, with novel products or services, able to meet or lead the new needs and new trends of the market, without imitating or copying the products or services of others, without falling into the rigidity or stagnation of technology or market.

Core indicators

The core index is the main basis for the identification of specialized and special new enterprises, reflecting the innovation ability and development level of specialized and special new enterprises, and is an important content for evaluating specialized and special new enterprises. The core indicators include the following:

Technical indicators: Technical indicators are indicators to evaluate the technical content and technical level of specialized new enterprises, mainly including technology research and development investment, technology research and development personnel, technology research and development results, technology research and development efficiency and so on. The specific content and weight of technical indicators vary according to different fields or industries, but generally take the proportion of technology research and development investment of specialized new enterprises to total revenue, the proportion of technical research and development personnel to total personnel, the quantity and quality of technology research and development results, and the improvement of technology research and development efficiency as the main reference.

Product innovation: Product innovation is the core competitiveness of specialized and special new enterprises, reflecting the product performance and product value of specialized and special new enterprises. The indicators of product innovation include: the quantity and quality of independent intellectual property rights owned by the product, the innovation and advancement of the product, the market demand and market trend that the product meets or leads, and the economic and social benefits brought by the product.

Business innovation: Business innovation is the core strategy of specialized new enterprises, reflecting the business model and business value of specialized new enterprises. Indicators of business innovation include: the innovation and advantages of business models, the efficiency and quality of business operations, the size and growth rate of business markets, and the visibility and influence of business brands.

3. Bonus points

The bonus item is a supplementary content for the identification of specialized and special new enterprises, which reflects other advantages and characteristics of specialized and special new enterprises, and is an important way to improve the score and grade of specialized and special new enterprises. The bonus items mainly include the following aspects:

Innovation culture: innovation culture is the core spirit of specialized and special new enterprises, which embodies the innovative concept and innovative atmosphere of specialized and special new enterprises. The bonus points of innovation culture include: the clarification and communication of innovation vision and mission, the advocacy and practice of innovation value and concept, the creation and maintenance of innovation atmosphere and environment, the formulation and implementation of innovation incentive and reward, etc.

Innovation team: Innovation team is the core capital of specialized new enterprises, reflecting the talent structure and talent level of specialized new enterprises. The additional points for the innovation team include: the size and composition of the innovation team, the education and background of the innovation team, the ability and quality of the innovation team, and the collaboration and communication of the innovation team.

Innovation network: Innovation network is the core resource of specialized new enterprises, reflecting the external contact and external support of specialized new enterprises. The additional points of innovation network include: the quantity and quality of innovation network, the type and scope of innovation network, the interaction and cooperation of innovation network, the contribution and income of innovation network, etc.

4. Conclusion

Specialized and special new enterprise is a new type of enterprise form, with high innovation ability and development level, and is an important force to promote economic and social development. The identification standard of specialized and special new enterprises is an important basis for evaluating their innovation ability and development level, and it is also a prerequisite for enjoying relevant policy support. This paper analyzes the definition, characteristics, classification and identification process of specialized new enterprises, and puts forward a set of criteria applicable to different types and stages of specialized new enterprises, including basic conditions, core indicators and additional items. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference and reference for the identification of specialized new enterprises, and to promote the cultivation and development of specialized new enterprises.