Characteristics and Challenges of 1. Specialized and New Enterprises

Specialized and special new enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises that focus on subdivided fields, strive for perfection, and have characteristics and advantages. They are an important force in the country's economic development. Specialized new enterprises have the following characteristics:

-Specialization. Specialized and special new enterprises usually adopt special technologies or processes to produce and manufacture products or services with strong specificity, obvious professional characteristics and strong market professionalism to meet the personalized and differentiated needs of customers and form their own core competitiveness.

-Refinement. Specialized and special new enterprises usually adopt advanced and applicable technologies or processes, establish fine and efficient management systems and processes in accordance with the concept of excellence, and carefully design and produce excellent products or services through fine management to improve the quality and efficiency of products or services.

-The characteristic. Specialized and special new enterprises usually use unique processes, technologies, formulas or special raw materials to develop and produce products or services with regional characteristics or special functions to form their own brands and market influence.

Specialized and special new enterprises have played an important role in promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, enhancing national innovation capabilities, and promoting social employment. However, specialized and special new enterprises are also facing the dual challenges of technical bottlenecks and market barriers, and need to improve their competitiveness and development potential through innovative models. Specifically, these challenges are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

-Technical bottlenecks. Although the technical level of specialized and special new enterprises has certain advantages in the subdivision field, there is still a big gap with the international advanced level, especially in the original innovation, core technology and key components. At the same time, the R & D investment of specialized and special new enterprises is insufficient, the innovation resources and innovation platform are lack, and the innovation ability and efficiency need to be improved.

-Market barriers. Although the market scale of specialized and special new enterprises has a certain share in the subdivision field, there is still a big gap compared with domestic and foreign competitors, especially in terms of brand, channel and service. At the same time, the market development ability of specialized and special new enterprises is not strong, the market risk and uncertainty are large, and the cost of market expansion and maintenance is high.

The Innovation Mode of 2. Specialized and New Enterprises

In order to break through technical bottlenecks and market barriers, specialized new enterprises need to enhance their competitiveness and development potential through innovative models. Innovation mode refers to one or more innovation methods, means, paths or mechanisms adopted by enterprises in the process of innovation to achieve innovation goals and effective ways of innovation value. This paper discusses the innovation model of specialized new enterprises from the four aspects of digitization, ecology, platform and internationalization, analyzes its advantages and effects, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations.

(I) digital innovation model

Digital innovation mode refers to the innovation mode of specialized and special new enterprises using digital technology and digital platform to innovate and transform products, services, processes, organizations and business models, so as to improve innovation efficiency and innovation quality. The digital innovation model has the following advantages and effects:

-Optimize the allocation of innovation resources. Specialized and special new enterprises realize the digital acquisition, digital management and digital sharing of innovation resources through digital tools and means, break the time, space and organizational limitations of innovation resources, and improve the efficiency and effect of the use of innovation resources.

-Improve the efficiency of the innovation process. Through digital platforms and systems, specialized and special new enterprises realize digital design, digital simulation and digital verification of the innovation process, shorten the innovation cycle, reduce innovation costs and improve the success rate of innovation.

-Enhancing the competitiveness of innovative products. Through digital technology and applications, specialized and special new enterprises realize the digital functions, digital services and digital experiences of innovative products, meet the personalized and intelligent needs of customers, and increase the added value and market share of innovative products.

Policy recommendations:

-Strengthen the construction of digital infrastructure, provide a high-speed, stable and secure network environment, and provide support for the digital innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Increase the training and introduction of digital talents, improve the digital innovation ability and level of specialized and special new enterprises, and provide guarantee for the digital innovation of specialized and special new enterprises.

-Accelerate the development of digital standards and norms, promote compliance and norms for digital innovation of specialized new enterprises, and provide guidance for digital innovation of specialized new enterprises.

(II) ecological innovation model

The ecological innovation model refers to the use of ecological thinking and ecological platforms by specialized and special new enterprises to build a multi-level, multi-node, and diversified innovation alliance community such as upstream and downstream enterprises, colleges and universities, and industry associations, forming a dynamic evolution and openness An innovation model of sharing and collaborative innovation. The ecological innovation model has the following advantages and effects:

-Expand innovation resources channels. Through the ecological platform, specialized and special new enterprises establish close cooperative relations with all participants in the innovation alliance community, realize the complementarity, exchange and mutual benefit of innovation resources, and expand the source and scope of innovation resources.

-Promoting the flow of innovative knowledge. Through ecological thinking, specialized and special new enterprises establish an open communication mechanism with all participants in the innovation alliance community to realize the sharing, dissemination and creation of innovative knowledge, and promote the accumulation and renewal of innovative knowledge.

-Increase the diversity of innovative products. Through the ecological platform, specialized and special new enterprises establish a collaborative innovation model with all participants in the innovation alliance community, realize the integration, combination and innovation of innovative products, and increase the variety and quality of innovative products.

Policy recommendations:

-Establish an ecological innovation platform to provide convenient docking and collaboration services for specialized new enterprises and all participants in the innovation alliance community, and provide support for the ecological innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish an ecological innovation mechanism to provide reasonable incentives and safeguards for all participants in the specialized and special new enterprises and the innovation alliance community, and to provide guarantees for the ecological innovation of specialized and special new enterprises.

-Establish an ecological innovation culture, provide an open, inclusive and collaborative innovation atmosphere for specialized new enterprises and all participants in the innovation alliance community, and provide ecological sharing, collaborative innovation, and win-win development for specialized new enterprises Innovation ecosystem, an innovation model that enhances innovation synergy efficiency and comprehensive innovation effect. The ecological innovation model has the following advantages and effects:

-Expand innovation resources channels. Through ecological platforms and mechanisms, specialized and special new enterprises can realize the interoperability and complementarity of innovation resources with ecological partners, expand the source and scope of innovation resources, and increase the diversity and richness of innovation resources.

-Enhancing innovation synergy. Through ecological thinking and methods, specialized and special new enterprises achieve consistency with the innovation goals of ecological partners, coordination of innovation behavior, sharing of innovation results, and enhance the motivation and efficiency of innovation synergy.

-Improving the comprehensive effect of innovation. Through ecological alliances and communities, specialized and special new enterprises realize the co-creation and sharing of innovation value with ecological partners, the sharing of innovation risks, the sharing and win-win of innovation benefits, and the improvement of the comprehensive efficiency and influence of innovation.

Policy recommendations:

-Establish an ecological innovation platform to promote the interconnection of innovation resources between specialized new enterprises and ecological partners, and provide support for the ecological innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish an ecological innovation mechanism to promote the negotiation and agreement of innovation objectives between specialized new enterprises and ecological partners, the coordination and coordination of innovation behaviors, and the sharing of innovation results, so as to provide guarantee for the ecological innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish an ecological innovation community, promote the co-creation and sharing of innovation value between specialized new enterprises and ecological partners, the sharing of innovation risks, and the sharing of innovation benefits, so as to provide guidance for the ecological innovation of specialized new enterprises.

(III) platform innovation mode

Platform innovation model refers to the use of platform thinking and platform technology by specialized new enterprises, their own products or services as the core of the platform, connecting upstream and downstream enterprises, customers, users and other participants, forming an innovation platform for multilateral interaction, collaborative innovation and shared value, and enhancing the innovation scale effect and innovation network effect. The platform innovation model has the following advantages and effects:

-Expand the size of the innovation market. Specialized and special new enterprises realize the standardization, modularization and reusability of innovative products or services through platform-based technologies and means, reduce the production and transaction costs of innovative products or services, expand the market demand and supply of innovative products or services, and improve the scale effect of the innovation market.

-Increase innovative user engagement. Through platform thinking and methods, specialized and special new enterprises can realize the openness, sharing and socialization of innovative products or services, attract and encourage the participation and contribution of innovative users, increase the loyalty and satisfaction of innovative users, and improve the network effect of innovation platform.

-Enriching innovative product forms. Specialized and special new enterprises realize the diversification, personalization and intelligence of innovative products or services through platform models and mechanisms, meet the needs of different levels and types of customers, enrich the forms and functions of innovative products or services, and improve innovative products or The added value and competitiveness of services.

Policy recommendations:

-Establish a platform-based innovation support system, provide platform-based innovation technology, capital, talent, information and other support, and provide support for the platform-based innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish a platform-based innovation supervision system, formulate laws, norms, standards, evaluation and other supervision of platform-based innovation, and provide protection for the platform-based innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish a platform-based innovation incentive system, implement incentives such as rewards, support, preferential treatment, and promotion for platform-based innovation, and provide guidance for the platform-based innovation of specialized new enterprises.

(IV) international innovation model

The international innovation model refers to the use of international vision and international platform by specialized and special new enterprises to expand their innovation activities to the global scope, carry out innovation cooperation and innovation competition with international innovation subjects, form a transnational and cross-domain innovation network, and enhance the level of innovation internationalization and the effect of innovation internationalization. The international innovation model has the following advantages and effects:

-Raise the level of innovative technology. Through international platforms and channels, specialized and special new enterprises realize technology exchange, technology introduction, technology cooperation and technology output with international innovation subjects, so as to improve their own technological innovation ability and level, and narrow the gap with the international advanced level.

-Expand the innovation market space. Through international vision and strategy, specialized and special new enterprises can realize market competition, market cooperation, market development and market output with international innovation subjects, expand their own market innovation space and scope, and increase the integration and integration with the international market.

-Enhance the influence of innovative brands. Through international platforms and mechanisms, specialized and special new enterprises realize brand competition, brand cooperation, brand building, brand output, etc. with international innovation subjects, enhance their brand innovation and influence, and enhance their awareness and recognition with international brands.

Policy recommendations:

-Establish an international innovation platform to promote the interconnection of innovation resources between specialized new enterprises and international innovation entities, and provide support for the international innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish an international innovation mechanism, promote the negotiation and agreement of the innovation goals of specialized new enterprises and international innovation entities, the collaboration and coordination of innovative behaviors, and the sharing of innovative results to provide guarantees for the international innovation of specialized new enterprises.

-Establish an international innovation community, promote the co-creation and sharing of innovation value between specialized new enterprises and international innovation entities, the sharing of innovation risks, and the sharing of innovation benefits, so as to provide guidance for the international innovation of specialized new enterprises.

3. Conclusion

Specialized and special new enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises that focus on subdivided fields, strive for perfection, and have characteristics and advantages. They are an important force in the country's economic development. Specialized and special new enterprises are facing the dual challenges of technical bottlenecks and market barriers, and need to improve their competitiveness and development potential through innovative models. This paper discusses the innovation model of specialized new enterprises from the four aspects of digitization, ecology, platform and internationalization, analyzes its advantages and effects, and puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. It is hoped that this paper can enlighten and help the innovation and development of specialized new enterprises.