Specialization and innovation refer to small and medium-sized enterprises with the characteristics of specialization, refinement, characteristics and novelty, which are an important force to promote economic and social development. Specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises are generally small in scale, but they all have their own "unique skills", have established competitive advantages in subdivided fields, and have a certain right to speak. Specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises generally focus on the new generation of information technology, high-end CNC machine tools and robots, advanced rail transit equipment, energy-saving and new energy vehicles, marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships, biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment, agricultural equipment, New materials, aerospace equipment and power equipment and other ten key industries.

The state attaches great importance to guiding small and medium-sized enterprises to take the new development path of specialization and specialization, has issued a series of policies and measures, established a gradient cultivation system for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, and provided various support and services for specialized and specialized new small and medium-sized enterprises. In July 2020, 17 departments issued "Several Opinions on Improving the System to Support the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises", which clearly improved the mechanism to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Improve the gradient cultivation system, standard system and evaluation mechanism of "specialized and special new" small and medium-sized enterprises, specialized and special new "little giant" enterprises and manufacturing single champion enterprises, and guide small and medium-sized enterprises to take the road of "specialized and special new. In June 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Gradient Cultivation of High-quality Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, which divided the exploration and cultivation of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises into three gradients: innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, specialized new small and medium-sized enterprises, and specialized new "little giant" enterprises, and unified the identification standards and management methods. In September 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the fifth batch of specialized new "little giant" enterprises list, a total of more than 4300 enterprises were selected, a total of more than 9000 specialized new "little giant" enterprises.

Specialized and special new SMEs must meet the following four conditions at the same time:(1) Engaged in a specific market segment for more than 2 years. (2) The total research and development expenses of the previous year shall not be less than 1 million yuan, and the proportion of the total operating income shall not be less than 3%. (3) The total operating income of the previous year was more than 10 million yuan, or the total operating income of the previous year was less than 10 million yuan, but the total amount of new equity financing (paid-in amount of qualified institutional investors) in the past 2 years reached more than 20 million yuan. (4) The score is more than 60 points or meets one of the following conditions: ① In the past three years, he has won provincial science and technology awards and ranked in the top three among the award-winning units; or won national science and technology awards and ranked in the top five among the award-winning units. ② The average value of the total R & D expenses in the past two years is more than 10 million yuan. ③ The total amount of new equity financing (paid-in amount of qualified institutional investors) in the past two years is more than 60 million yuan. In the past three years, it has entered the list of the top 500 enterprises in the "Maker China" SME Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition.

Specialized and special new "little giant" enterprise identification needs to meet the professional, fine, special, new, chain, product six indicators. Among them, it refers to specialization, and the enterprise focuses on and deeply cultivates a certain link or product in the industrial chain. Fine refers to refinement, refined production, refined management and refined service of enterprises; It refers to the uniqueness and characteristics of products or services, and the products or services have the characteristics of uniqueness, uniqueness and exclusive production of industries or regions. New refers to independent innovation and mode innovation. Chain refers to the key link of the industrial chain, around the key industrial chain to realize the industrial application of key basic technologies and products, play an important role in "filling short boards", "forging long boards" and "filling in blanks". In principle, the leading products belong to the following key areas: the market for segmented products belongs to the core basic components, components, key software, advanced basic processes, key basic materials and industrial technology foundation of the manufacturing industry; Or in line with the ten key industrial areas of manufacturing power strategy; or belong to the network power construction of information infrastructure, key core technology, network security, data security and other products.

Specialized new application is a work that needs to learn from experience and learning methods. Enterprises can learn useful experiences and lessons from the successful cases of specialized new enterprises that have been identified, learn their application ideas and skills, learn from their application materials and expressions, and refer to their application process and results, so as to improve their application level and ability.

Specialized and special new application is an important way for small and medium-sized enterprises to improve their own capabilities and levels, obtain policy support and market recognition, and achieve rapid development and transformation and upgrading. When applying for specialization and innovation, small and medium-sized enterprises should choose appropriate application gradients and standards according to their actual situation, highlight their own specialization, refinement, characteristics and novelty, pay attention to independent innovation and market segmentation demand, optimize management and service level, learn from the experience and methods of successful cases, prepare application materials and process, and strive to enjoy the new dividend of specialization and innovation through the identification of specialization and innovation.