The Necessity of Gradient Cultivation of 1. Specialized and New Enterprises

Specialized and special new enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises with strong innovation ability, focus on market segmentation and good growth in products, technology, management and mode, which are the basic force to enhance the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain. Specialized new enterprises have the following characteristics:

-Strong innovation ability. Specialized and special new enterprises usually have high innovation indicators such as the proportion of R & D investment, the proportion of R & D personnel, the quantity and quality of independent intellectual property rights, and can continuously introduce new products, new technologies and new processes with independent intellectual property rights to form core competitiveness.

-Focus on market segments. Specialized new companies usually focus on a certain market segment, deepen the professional field, form a leading advantage in the market segment, meet the individual needs of customers, and improve customer loyalty and satisfaction.

-Good growth. Specialized and special new enterprises usually have high growth indicators such as main business income growth rate, profit growth rate, market share, etc., and can quickly adapt to market changes, seize development opportunities, and achieve sustainable and healthy development.

The cultivation and development of specialized new enterprises is of great strategic significance for promoting the high-quality development of China's economy. On the one hand, specialized and special new enterprises are an important subject of innovation-driven development, which can provide strong support for my country's industrial transformation and upgrading, technological innovation, and independent controllability. On the other hand, specialized and special new enterprises are an important part of the industrial chain supply chain, which can provide a strong guarantee for the stability and competitiveness of China's industrial chain supply chain.

The cultivation and development of specialized and special new enterprises needs to adopt a gradient approach, and formulate different cultivation goals, paths and mechanisms according to the different development stages of the enterprise, so as to realize the hierarchical and phased cultivation of high-quality enterprises. The purpose of gradient cultivation is to guide enterprises to continuously enhance their comprehensive strength and core competitiveness, and gradually move towards domestic and international well-known enterprises. The way of gradient cultivation is to establish the dynamic management and cultivation support mechanism of high-quality enterprises by formulating fair and just evaluation and identification procedures, so as to realize the orderly flow of high-quality enterprises and the survival of the fittest. The effect of gradient cultivation is to stimulate the innovation vitality and development power of high-quality enterprises by providing differentiated policy support and service guarantee, so as to realize the rapid growth, optimization and upgrading of high-quality enterprises.

The Goal, Path and Mechanism of Gradient Cultivation of 2. Specialized and New Enterprises

According to the Interim Measures for the management of gradient cultivation of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises is divided into three levels: innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, "specialized and special new" small and medium-sized enterprises, and specialized and special new "small giant" enterprises, corresponding to different cultivation objectives, paths and mechanisms.

-Innovative small and medium-sized enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises that have certain innovation capabilities in products, technology, management, and models, and have good growth potential, but have not yet formed obvious professional advantages. The cultivation goal of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises is to guide enterprises to increase innovation investment, improve innovation output, and cultivate the innovation foundation and innovation potential of enterprises. The cultivation path of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises is to determine the level of innovation ability of enterprises by evaluating the innovation indicators such as R & D investment, R & D personnel investment, independent intellectual property rights and so on. The cultivation mechanism of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises is to encourage enterprises to strengthen innovation activities and improve innovation effect by providing innovation fund subsidies, innovative talent training, innovation platform construction, innovation achievement transformation and other innovation support measures.

-"Specialized and special new" small and medium-sized enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises that have strong innovation ability in products, technology, management, mode, etc., focus on a certain market segment, have a high market share and good growth, but have not yet reached the national standard. The cultivation goal of "specialized, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises is to guide enterprises to deeply cultivate market segments, improve the level of specialization, and cultivate the professional advantages and potential of enterprises. The cultivation path of "specialized, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises is to evaluate the growth rate of the enterprise's main business income, the market share of leading products, the field of leading products, and the provision of supporting products and services for key leading enterprises. The level of professional ability of the enterprise. The cultivation mechanism of "specialized, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises is to encourage enterprises to strengthen professional construction and enhance professional benefits by providing professional training, professional consultation, professional display, professional docking and other professional service measures.

Specialized and new "little giant" enterprises refer to small and medium-sized enterprises that have outstanding innovation ability in products, technology, management, mode, etc., focus on a certain market segment, have a high market share, have strong growth, and reach national standards. The goal of cultivating specialized and new "little giant" enterprises is to guide enterprises to build domestic and international well-known brands, improve the level of internationalization, and cultivate their international advantages and international potential. The cultivation path of specialized and special new "little giant" enterprises is to evaluate the enterprise's main business income, market share of leading products, leading product areas, providing supporting products and services for key leading enterprises, international market development and other international indicators to determine the level of international ability of enterprises. The cultivation mechanism of specialized and new "little giant" enterprises is to encourage enterprises to strengthen their international development and enhance their international competitiveness by providing international training, international consultation, international exhibition, international docking, international cooperation and other international support measures.

3. from provincial to national standards and measures

The gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises needs to form a complete standard system and measure system from provincial to national level, so as to realize the orderly flow and optimization and upgrading of high-quality enterprises. Standards and measures from provincial to national levels mainly include the following aspects:

Establish a unified standard system. According to the Interim Measures for the administration of gradient cultivation of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, the national standards are formulated by the Ministry of industry and information technology, and the provincial standards are formulated by the provincial competent departments of industry and information technology, but they shall not be less than 50% of the national standards. The provincial departments in charge of industry and information technology should formulate provincial standards suitable for their respective regions according to the characteristics of industrial development and the actual situation of high-quality enterprises, so as to form a unified standard system to ensure the quality and level of high-quality enterprises.

Establish a dynamic management system. According to the "Interim Measures for the Management of Gradient Cultivation of High-quality Small and Medium-sized Enterprises", the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is responsible for national-level management, and the provincial-level industry and information technology departments are responsible for provincial-level management, and dynamic management is implemented. The competent departments of industry and information technology at all levels should establish a dynamic management database of high-quality enterprises, regularly monitor, evaluate and adjust high-quality enterprises, and realize the orderly flow and optimization and upgrading of high-quality enterprises. For high-quality enterprises that do not meet the standards or lag behind in development, the qualification of high-quality enterprises should be canceled in a timely manner and an exit mechanism should be given. For high-quality enterprises that meet the standards or have outstanding development, the level of identification of high-quality enterprises should be upgraded in a timely manner and a promotion mechanism should be given.

Establish a differentiated system of measures. According to the interim measures for the Administration of gradient cultivation of High-quality small and medium-sized Enterprises, national-level measures are formulated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and provincial-level measures are formulated by the competent departments of industry and information technology at the provincial level, with differentiated support. The competent departments of industry and information technology at all levels should formulate different measures and systems according to the different needs of high-quality enterprises at different levels, provide different support content and support, and realize the rapid growth and optimization and upgrading of high-quality enterprises. For innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, we should focus on providing innovation support measures, such as innovation fund subsidies, innovative talent training, innovation platform construction, innovation achievement transformation and so on. For "specialized, special and new" small and medium-sized enterprises, we should focus on providing professional service measures, such as professional training, professional consultation, professional display, professional docking and so on. For specialized and new "little giant" enterprises, we should focus on providing international support measures, such as international training, international consulting, international exhibition, international docking, international cooperation and so on.

Suggestions and Countermeasures 4. Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Specialized and Special New Enterprises

In order to accelerate the cultivation and development of specialized new enterprises, enhance the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain, and promote high-quality economic development, this paper puts forward the following suggestions and countermeasures:

Strengthen top-level design and improve the policy system. It is necessary to strengthen the top-level design of gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, formulate the overall plan and implementation plan of gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, clarify the objectives, tasks, paths, mechanisms and measures of gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, and form a perfect policy system to provide a strong policy guarantee for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises.

Increase investment in resources and improve service levels. It is necessary to increase the resource investment in the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, increase the special funds, professional talents, and professional institutions for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, and improve the service level of the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises. Provide efficient service guarantee for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises.

Strengthen coordination and cooperation to form a joint force. It is necessary to strengthen the coordination of the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, establish a work coordination mechanism for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, strengthen the communication and cooperation between the competent departments of industry and information technology at all levels, relevant departments, relevant institutions and relevant enterprises, form a joint force for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, and provide a strong cooperation guarantee for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises.

Strengthen supervision and evaluation, improve the effect. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and evaluation of the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, establish an assessment and evaluation mechanism for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, strengthen the process supervision, result evaluation, problem feedback, improvement and implementation of the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, improve the effect of gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises, and provide scientific evaluation guarantee for the gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises.

Conclusion

Specialized new enterprises are the basic force to enhance the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain, and are an important subject to promote high-quality economic development. The gradient cultivation of specialized and special new enterprises is an important strategic task. It is necessary to form a complete standard system and measure system from the provincial to the national level to realize the orderly flow and optimization and upgrading of high-quality enterprises. From the theory and practice of gradient cultivation, this paper analyzes the necessity, objectives, paths and mechanisms of gradient cultivation of specialized new enterprises, as well as the standards and measures from the provincial to the national level, and puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to speed up the cultivation and development of specialized new enterprises. It is hoped that this paper can provide some reference and enlightenment for the gradient cultivation of specialized new enterprises.