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咨询公司：专精特新企业认定的意义和价值

2024-07-18 01:23:40 来源：尚普咨询浏览量：0

一、专精特新企业的概念

专精特新企业是指具有专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化等四大特征的中小企业，即专注于产业链上某个环节的中小企业。专精特新企业是国家优质中小企业梯度培育的重点对象，也是推动经济高质量发展、构建新发展格局的重要力量。

专精特新企业的四大特征具体表现为：

专业化：指企业长期专注并深耕于产业链某一环节或某一产品，能为大企业、大项目提供关键零部件、元器件和配套产品，或直接面向市场并具有竞争优势的自有品牌产品。

精细化：指企业在研发设计、生产制造、市场营销、内部管理等方面不断创新并取得比较显著的效益，具有一定的示范推广价值。

特色化：指企业在特定细分市场具有较高的市场占有率和知名度，产品质量性能国内领先，注重绿色发展，加强人才队伍建设，有较好的品牌影响力。

新颖化：指企业具有持续创新能力和研发投入，在产业链供应链关键环节及关键领域“补短板”“锻长板”“填空白”取得实际成效，或围绕重点产业链开展关键基础技术和产品的产业化攻关，或属于新一代信息技术与实体经济深度融合的创新产品。

二、专精特新企业的认定标准

专精特新企业的认定标准是指国家对专精特新企业的基本条件、专项条件和分类条件的规定，是专精特新企业申报和评审的依据。专精特新企业的认定标准包括从事特定细分市场年限、研发费用总额、研发强度、营业收入等基本条件，并从专、精、特、新四方面设置13个指标进行综合评分，满分100分，企业得分达到60分以上即符合专精特新中小企业标准。

专精特新企业的认定标准具体如下：

基本条件：

从事特定细分市场时间达到2年以上。

上年度研发费用总额不低于100万元，且占营业收入总额比重不低于3%。

上年度营业收入总额在1000万元以上，或上年度营业收入总额在1000万元以下，但近2年新增股权融资总额（合格机构投资者的实缴额）达到2000万元以上。

专项条件：

经济效益：截至上年末的近2年主营业务收入或净利润的平均增长率达到5%以上，企业资产负债率不高于70%。

专业化程度：截至上年末，企业从事特定细分市场时间达到3年及以上；主营业务收入占营业收入达70%以上；主导产品在细分市场占有率位于全省前3位，且在国内细分行业中享有较高知名度和影响力。

创新能力：企业拥有有效发明专利（含集成电路布图设计专有权，下同）2项或实用新型专利、外观设计专利、软件著作权5项及以上;自建或与高等院校、科研机构联合建立研发机构，设立技术研究院、企业技术中心、企业工程中心、院士专家工作站、博士后工作站等；企业在研发设计、生产制造、供应链管理等环节，至少1项核心业务采用信息系统支撑。

经营管理：企业拥有自主品牌；取得相关管理体系认证，或产品生产执行国际、国内、行业标准，或是产品通过发达国家和地区产品认证（国际标准协会行业认证）。

分类条件：

上年度营业收入在1亿元及以上，且近2年研发经费支出占营业收入比重不低于3%。

上年度营业收入5000万元（含）—1亿元（不含），且近2年研发经费支出占营业收入比重不低于6%。

上年度营业收入不足5000万元，同时满足近2年内新增股权融资额（实缴）8000万元（含）以上，且研发投入经费3000万元（含）以上，研发人员占企业职工总数比例50%（含）以上，创新成果属于本通知“二、重点领域”细分行业关键技术，并有重大突破。

三、专精特新企业的政策支持

专精特新企业作为优质中小企业梯度培育的重点对象，享受国家和地方政府的多项政策支持，主要包括：

财税政策。专精特新企业可享受国家高新技术企业的税收优惠政策，即按15%的税率征收企业所得税；专精特新企业的研发费用按照实际发生额的75%加计扣除；专精特新企业的技术转让收入，按照收入额的25%征收企业所得税，且免征增值税。

融资政策。专精特新企业可享受国家和地方政府的财政补贴、贷款贴息、担保费用补助等政策，降低融资成本和风险；专精特新企业可优先纳入国家和地方政府的创业投资引导基金、科技创新基金、产业发展基金等投资范围，扩大融资渠道；专精特新企业可优先推荐参与科创板、新三板、区域股权市场等多层次资本市场的挂牌和融资。

服务政策。专精特新企业可享受国家和地方政府的创新券、技术券、服务券等政策，鼓励企业购买技术、知识产权、检测认证、咨询培训等创新服务；专精特新企业可享受国家和地方政府的公共技术服务平台、科技资源共享平台、科技成果转化平台等政策，提高企业的创新能力和效率；专精特新企业可享受国家和地方政府的人才引进、培养、激励等政策，解决企业的人才需求和困难。

四、专精特新企业的发展现状

专精特新企业作为国家优质中小企业梯度培育的重点对象，其发展现状显示了以下特点：

专精特新企业的数量和质量呈现稳步增长的态势，表明了国家和地方政府对专精特新企业的重视和支持，以及专精特新企业的创新活力和发展潜力。

专精特新企业的行业分布呈现出制造业和服务业的双轮驱动，表明了专精特新企业在产业结构调整和升级中的重要作用，以及专精特新企业在新一代信息技术与实体经济深度融合中的创新优势。

专精特新企业的经济效益和创新能力呈现出高于平均水平的表现，表明了专精特新企业在提高经济增长质量和效益中的关键作用，以及专精特新企业在推动科技创新和产业创新中的核心作用。

五、专精特新企业认定的意义和价值

专精特新企业认定的意义和价值主要体现在以下几个方面：

对于国家而言，专精特新企业认定是一种有效的政策工具，可以帮助国家识别和培育优质中小企业，促进产业结构优化和升级，提高经济增长质量和效益，增强国家的创新能力和竞争力。

对于地方政府而言，专精特新企业认定是一种有效的激励机制，可以帮助地方政府引导和支持中小企业专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化发展，培育和壮大地方的特色产业和优势产业，增强地方的经济活力和韧性。

对于中小企业而言，专精特新企业认定是一种有效的发展途径，可以帮助中小企业获得国家和地方政府的多项政策支持，降低中小企业的发展成本和风险，提高中小企业的市场竞争力和品牌影响力，增强中小企业的创新能力和发展潜力。

六、专精特新企业面临的挑战和建议

专精特新企业虽然具有诸多优势和潜力，但也面临着一些挑战和困难，主要包括：

认定难度大。专精特新企业的认定标准较为严格，涉及多个方面的指标和条件，对企业的专业化、精细化、特色化、新颖化等方面的要求较高，不少中小企业难以达到，或者在申报过程中遇到各种困难和问题，导致认定成功率不高。

政策落实难。专精特新企业虽然享受国家和地方政府的多项政策支持，但在政策的落实和执行过程中，仍存在一些不足和障碍，如政策的宣传和解读不到位，政策的配套和衔接不够，政策的执行和监督不严，政策的效果和反馈不明，等等，导致专精特新企业的政策享受程度不高。

发展环境难。专精特新企业虽然具有较强的创新能力和市场竞争力，但在发展的外部环境中，仍面临着一些不利因素和挑战，如市场需求的变化和不确定性，行业竞争的激烈和复杂性，技术创新的风险和不稳定性，人才流失的压力和困难性，等等，导致专精特新企业的发展遭遇到一些阻碍和困境。

针对专精特新企业面临的挑战和困难，本文提出以下几点建议：

加强宣传和培训。国家和地方政府应加大对专精特新企业的宣传和培训力度，提高中小企业的认知度和参与度，帮助中小企业了解专精特新企业的概念、认定标准、政策支持等内容，指导中小企业进行自我评估和申报准备，提高专精特新企业的认定成功率。

优化政策和服务。国家和地方政府应优化专精特新企业的政策和服务体系，简化专精特新企业的申报和评审流程，加快专精特新企业的认定速度，完善专精特新企业的政策配套和衔接，加强专精特新企业的政策执行和监督，及时收集和反馈专精特新企业的政策效果和意见建议，提高专精特新企业的政策享受程度。

改善环境和条件。国家和地方政府应改善专精特新企业的发展环境和条件，加强专精特新企业的市场需求分析和预测，提供专精特新企业的市场开拓和拓展支持，促进专精特新企业的市场需求匹配和对接，加强专精特新企业的技术创新和人才培养支持，提供专精特新企业的技术转移和人才引进服务，促进专精特新企业的技术创新和人才发展。

七、咨询公司的专业服务

咨询公司是一家专业从事专精特新企业认定咨询服务的公司，拥有多年的专精特新企业认定经验和专业的专精特新企业认定团队，为有意申报专精特新企业的企业提供全方位的专业服务，包括：

专精特新企业的定位分析和评估。咨询公司根据国家和地方政府的专精特新企业的认定标准和政策要求，结合中小企业的实际情况和发展目标，进行专精特新企业的定位分析和评估，帮助中小企业明确专精特新企业的认定方向和策略，制定专精特新企业的认定计划和方案。

专精特新企业的申报材料的编制和提交。咨询公司根据专精特新企业的认定要求和流程，协助企业编制和提交专精特新企业的申报材料，包括专精特新企业的申请表、专精特新企业的综合评分表、专精特新企业的相关证明材料等，确保专精特新企业的申报材料的完整性和合规性。

专精特新企业的评审和认定的跟踪和反馈。咨询公司根据专精特新企业的评审和认定的进度和结果，及时跟踪和反馈专精特新企业的评审和认定的情况，协助企业处理和解决专精特新企业的评审和认定过程中遇到的问题和困难，提高专精特新企业的评审和认定的成功率。

专精特新企业的政策享受和发展指导。咨询公司根据专精特新企业的政策支持和发展需求，为企业提供专精特新企业的政策享受和发展指导服务，包括专精特新企业的政策咨询、专精特新企业的政策申请、专精特新企业的政策落实、专精特新企业的发展规划、专精特新企业的创新能力提升、专精特新企业的市场拓展等，帮助企业充分利用专精特新企业的政策优势，促进专精特新企业的持续发展。

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